配方施肥对桂西中稻产量及肥料利用率影响.docVIP

配方施肥对桂西中稻产量及肥料利用率影响 　　摘要：【目的】开展配方施肥对桂西中稻产量及肥料利用率影响试验，为稻作区农民对桂西中稻种植科学合理施肥提供参考.【方法】试验采用随机区组设计，共设9个处理，3次重复，27～个小区。各施肥处理通过尿素、钙镁磷肥、氯化钾中有效成分N、P2O5、K2O施用量不同，对比分析施肥方案以及肥料的利用情况。【结果】配方施肥比常规施肥处理、缺氮处理和不施肥（ck）的中稻生育期缩短2～3d，对中稻的株高、亩有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率和千粒重等主要经济性状值的提高有不同程度的影响；配方施肥产量最高，为8716.7kg/hm2，较常规施肥增产5.23%，比它相对应的缺氮、缺磷、缺钾处理的中稻产量分别增产33.65%、7.27%、13.90%，且达到显著以上水平。水稻配方施肥氮、磷、钾肥料利用率分别比常规施肥提高4.69%、3.64%、10.88%。【结论】配方施肥能有效改善中稻的生育状况，可不同程度的提高氮、磷、钾肥肥料利用率，对中稻产量具有显著的增产作用。 　　关键词：水稻；配方施肥；产量；肥料利用率 　　中图分类号：S511文献标识码：A文章编号：1003-4374（2017）01-0013-04 　　Abstract：【Objective】The experiment to test the effectiveness of Formulated Fertilization is of great significance to the middle-season rice planting in the western areas of Guangxi.【Method】Based on design of random sectionsgroups，the experiment consists of nine treatments，three repetitions and 27 sections.Each treatment makes a contrastive analysis of fertilizing scheme and use of fertilization，by utilizing different portions of effective ingredients such as N，P2O5，K2O contained respectively in urea，Fused calcium-magnesium phosphate and Potassium chloride.【Result】Compared with the treatments of conventional fertilization，nitrogen deficiency and no-fertilization，Formulated Fertilization shortens two to three days of the rice growth period，resulting in different degrees of effects on the plant height，the effective panicles，the grains of per panicle，the seed setting rate and other values of main economic characters；Formulated Fertilization helps to yield best with 8716.7kg/hm2，which is 5.32% of production increase compared to the conventional fertilization，33.65%，7.27%，13.90% to nitrogen deficiency，phosphorus deficiency and potassium deficiency respectively；all of these increases are remarkable；in this Formulated Fertilization for rice，the utilization rate of nitrogen，phosphorus and potassium fertilizer increases respectively by 4.69%，3.64% and 10.88%，compared to conventional fertilization.【Conclusion】Conclusion could be arrived at：Formulated Fertilizat