从语句与篇章之视角谈如何提高中学英语写作水平.docVIP

从语句与篇章之视角谈如何提高中学英语写作水平 　　摘 要： 本文主要从语句和篇章的视角为提高英文写作水平提出了一些尝试性的意见。英文写作教学的重点既要放在语言层面上，又要放在篇章结构和内容的介绍和分析上，尤其要提高学生的语言布局能力。 　　关键词： 英文写作 语句 篇章 　　1.引言 　　培养写作能力是中学英语教学中一项很重要的内容。写作反映学生的综合素质，检验的是学生综合水平及应用英语的交际能力，是一项与学生整个教育经验息息相关的过程。丁往道指出：“要有效地表达思想还需要句子思想统一性、连贯性、表达的简洁性，重点突出性及句式的多样性。”本文从语句和篇章的视角谈谈如何提高写作能力，有效地表达作者的思想。 　　2.英文句子的有效表达 　　英文句子的有效表达包括一致性、连贯性和多样性。英语写作的基本原则是英文思想的表达制约着英语的句法结构，即英文的思想决定了句子结构的选择。 　　2.1Unity 　　Unity is the first quality of an effective sentence. A unified sentence expresses a single complete thought. 　　Faulty： Ji Xianlin is one of the greatest scholars. 　　Revised： Ji Xianlin is one of the greatest scholars of the contemporary society. 　　2.2Coherence 　　Coherence means clear and reasonable connection between parts. A sentence is coherent when its words or parts are properly connected and their relationship clear. 　　Faulty： The famous professor leaves us a deep impression not only with his knowledge but also with what he does. 　　Revised： The famous professor leaves us a deep impression not only with his knowledge but also his good manners. 　　2.3Variety 　　英文写作中的句式多样性是指在段落写作或短文写作中句式应该富于变化，增加句子的可读性和“学术性”，从而提升作品的层次。 　　《新概念英语》第二册第一课A Private Conversation是一篇很好的文章。但对于高中生尤其是高考作文而言，如果写出这样的文章，分数一定高不了。主要原因是句式单一，缺乏变化。 　　A Private Conversation （adapted） 　　Last week I went to the theatre and I had a good seat. The play was very interesting but I didnt enjoy it because a young man and a young woman were sitting behind me， talking loudly. I got very angry because I couldnt hear the actors. I turned round， looking at them angrily. But they didnt pay any attention. In the end， I couldnt bear it and turned round again， saying angrily， “I cannot hear a word”. But the young man said rudely， “It is none of your business， this is a private conversation！” 　　通?^增加连词，将意思密切相关的简单句改为并列句或复合句，使短文的句式多了些，可读性更强，同时提升了文章的档次。同时还使用了分词结构进行改写。要体现句子的多样性可以转换句式，还可以使用非谓语动词作状语等。 　　3.语篇纽带 　　优美的英文写作除了考虑句子的有效表达外，还可以从篇章结构提高写作水平。语篇结构包含句子、语段和语篇。英文写作中句子和语篇是融合在一起的，语篇都是一些意义相关的句子通过一定的承接手段合乎逻辑地