动态结构健康监测系统研究-测试计量技术与仪器专业论文.docxVIP

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 动态结构健康监测能够对分布式、非线性、强耦合、多变量和时变性的复杂结构进行有效 监测和评估，尤其对冲击、振动引起的损伤进行监测，使损伤积累尚未达到威胁结构安全之前 就能够被检测出来，从而对损伤结构给予及时修复，保证结构安全运行。动态结构健康监测为 结构损伤提供了一种预警机制，延长了结构的生命周期。本文主要对动态结构健康监测系统进 行了研究，主要研究内容包括以下三个部分： （1）设计了可变体机翼的动态结构健康监测系统。利用光纤 Br agg 光栅实现动态信号进行 监测，提出了一种基于光纤环镜边缘滤波的光纤 Br agg 光栅的高速解调系统。解调系统具有结 构简单、频率高和动态范围宽等优点，实现了结构的振动信号的监测。 （2）研制了一种实用型光纤 Bragg 光栅加速度传感器，可以将之应用在大型结构(如桥梁、 建筑物等)的高频动态结构健康监测中。对光纤光栅加速度传感器结构进行了改进，解决了高频 光纤光栅加速度传感器中光纤光栅的粘贴问题。通过力学分析软件对结构建模优化、分析，改 进后的结构对加速度传感的频响影响较小。实验验证该结构具有较好的加速度传感特性和较高 的加速度频响特性。 （3）设计了结构损伤判位系统。系统基于解调仪 SI 425 实现碳纤维板的损伤位置的判断与 显示。采用 TCPI P 作为信号通信的协议，mat l ab 神经网络库进行数据的处理，运用 COM 技术实 现 mat l ab 与 VC++的互通信。 关键词：动态结构健康监测，光纤 Bragg 光栅，高速解调，加速度传感器，损伤判位系统 I 动态结构健康监测系统研究 Abstract To effective monitor and assess the health of the distributed, nonlinear , strongly coupled, multivariable and time variability complex structure, the Dynamic structural health monitoring(DSHM) is researched, especially in the damage monitor caused by compact and vibration. Through DSHM, the damage structure can be detected and timely repaired before the accumulation damage has not yet reached the threat of structural safety . The DSHM can guarantee the safety of the structure, provide an early warning mechanism of the structure and extend the life cycle of the structure. This paper focuses on the DSHM system and the main three achievements are described as follows: The DSHM of the Morphing Wings is researched. The dynamic signal is monitored by Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG). To demodulate the FBG, the high speed demodulation system based on fiber loop is put forward. Demodulation system has the property such as simple structure, high frequency and wide dynamic range and achieves the impact and vibration signal monitoring. The practical FBG acceleration sensor is researched and applied in high frequency response of DSHM. To solve the FBG paste problem, the structure of sensor is improved. Optimized and analyzed by the mechanical analysis software the improved structure has l