动态频谱接入机制中 OFDM 信号频谱检测算法研究-信息与通信工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 无线通信业务迅猛增长，使得对频谱的需求越来越大，同时更加清楚的 认识到频谱稀缺是由于其利用率低下造成的。动态频谱接入作为一种高效、 灵活的提高频谱利用率的技术得到了广泛的重视，对未来无线通信的发展指 引了新的方向。动态频谱接入技术对那些未被授权用户使用的频段进行可靠 及有效的检测，进而伺机接入。频谱检测技术是实现动态频谱接入的第一步， 有着至关重要的作用与研究意义。 本文从单用户检测和多用户检测两个角度对OFDM信号频谱检测进行了 深入的分析与研究。首先，本文研究了OFDM信号循环平稳特征检测算法， 推导其循环谱函数，并利用其特定循环频率切面上的谱峰值带进行特征检测。 基于检测有效性与可靠性的综合考虑，本文又研究了OFDM信号循环前缀相 关检测算法，其利用OFDM信号的时域特征进行检测。由于单用户检测性能 在实际环境中受到多种限制，本文在OFDM信号循环前缀相关检测算法基础 上又着重研究了协作检测算法。针对传统硬判决算法在低信噪比用户参加协 作时对协作检测结果带来不利影响的问题，在“或”判决算法的基础上做出 改进，得到可以有效解决这一问题的选择分集协作算法及组分集协作算法， 且同时提高了协作检测算法的检测性能。考虑到实际环境中控制信道传输本 地判决信息时会出现误码等干扰现象，本文在分簇网络机制下，建立一种基 于分簇的选择分集协作算法，减少向基站报告判决信息的本地用户个数，降 低总能量消耗，且一定程度上可改善传统协作的检测性能。 关键词：动态频谱接入；OFDM；协作频谱检测算法；簇 Abstract With the rapid growth of wireless communications, there are larger demands for spectrum, and at the same time we have clearly recognized that the scarcity of spectrum is caused by its low utilization. As an efficient and flexible technology to improve spectrum utilization, dynamic spectrum access has been widely appreciated, and pointed a new direction for the future development of wireless communications. Dynamic spectrum access technology detects frequency bands whether used by primary users or not, and then dynamically accesses them. However, spectrum detection is the first step towards dynamic spectrum access, and has a vital role significance to research it. This thesis conducted in-depth study on single-user spectrum sensing and multiple-users spectrum sensing on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Firstly, the cyclostationary feature detection algorithm on OFDM signal was discussed. By deriving the spectral correlation function of OFDM, this thesis detected the known OFDM signal using the spectral peaks on the specific cycle frequency section of its cyclic spectrum. Based on comprehensive consideration of efficient and reliable detection, cyclic prefix (CP) correlation detection algorithm on OFDM signal is also discussed. The CP correlation detection algorithm detects OFDM signal in time dom