南水北调中线总干渠Ⅲ级水污染应急处置 に力调控的方案的研究.docVIP

南水北调中线总干渠Ⅲ级水污染应急处置 に力调控的方案的研究 　　摘要：长距离输水工程输水量大、闸门群和分水口群众多、控制要求高，在突发水污染事件下要求保障输水过程稳定、应急处置高效。研究了南水北调中线总干渠Ⅲ级水污染的应急处置水力调控方案，提出了Ⅲ级水污染的应急处置策略，确定了基于分水口水力特性的水力调控单元划分方法和应急处置水力调控方式。以京石段为例，提出了采用不同分水口群或等容积运行规则的3种应急调控方案，并利用建立的一维水动力水质耦合模型，模拟了不同应急调控方案下的水流运动和典型污染物的输移过程。研究表明，三种应急控制方案均能在不弃水、不显著影响上下游运行的条件下，通过利用渠道自身调蓄能力或发挥分水口的调控作用，实现应急调控目标。 　　关键词：南水北调中线；突发水污染；应急处置；等容积运行规则；分水口 　　中图分类号：TV213；X522文献标志码：A文章编号： 　2018 　　Abstract： 　　Longdistance water transfer projects have large carrying capacity，numerous control gate groups and offtake groups，and put high requirements on controlling.In the event of a water pollution incident，it is essential to ensure the stability of the water transfer process and to handle the emergency efficiently.In this paper we studied the hydraulic control schemes of level Ⅲ water pollution in the main channel of the Middle Route of the SouthtoNorth Water Transfer Project.We put forward the emergency handling strategy of level Ⅲ water pollution，and determined a division method of hydraulic control units based on the hydraulic characteristics of the offtakes. Taking Jingshi section as an example，we proposed three emergency control schemes，and established a coupled model of onedimensional hydraulics and water quality to simulate the flow of water and the transport of typical pollutants under different control schemes.The research showed that the three emergency control schemes could all achieve the emergency control objectives by using the channel′s own storage capacity or exercising the control function of the offtakes without abandoning the water or significantly influencing the operation of the upper and lower reaches. 　　Key words： 　　Middle Route of SouthtoNorth Water Transfer Project； sudden water pollution；emergency handling；constant volume operation rules；offtake 　　1研究背景 　　?L距离输水是为解决水资源时空分布不均或资源性短缺而采取的水资源优化配置工程措施。近年来，国家大力推进“四横三纵”主体工程建设，南水北调工程作为迄今为止世界上最大的调水工程，东线、中线、西线三条线路的年调水总规模约448亿m3，可以基本缓解北方严重缺水的危急局面。 　　南水北调中线输水工程总干渠全长1 276 km，其源头是