女性急性心肌梗死的的特点及其相关危险因素的探讨.docVIP

女性急性心肌梗死的的特点及其相关危险因素的探讨 　　doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2014.10.12 　　摘 要 目的：分析女性急性心肌梗死（AMI）特点及危险因素，为女性AMI的预防和治疗提供更多临床依据。方法：收治急性心肌梗死患者342例，其中男219例，女123例，进行性别比较分析。结果：①女性AMI患者年龄偏大，其中56～64岁年龄段女性组和男性组的差异具有统计学意义；②女性AMI患者，胸痛发作至就诊时间长，非典型症状多见，高血压病、糖尿病和高脂血症患病率高，两组间的临床表现有差异；③造影结果：女性多支病变比例明显高于男性，接受再灌注的比例低于男性；④心脏超声：女性AMI的射血分数明显低于男性；⑤女性组在心衰、心源性休克、心律失常、死亡等严重并发症出现的比例要明显高于男性，差异具有统计学意义。结论：男女AMI患者在临床特征、并发症、死亡率等方面均有差异，性别是影响其临床特征和预后的一个重要因素。 　　关键词 女性 急性心肌梗死 危险因素 　　Investigation of the characteristics of female acute myocardial infarction and related risk factors 　　Song Furong，Sun Hongbin，Peng Xuhui，Guo Gaiping 　　Department of Cardiology，the Second Peoples Hospital of Pingdingshan City，Henan 467000 　　Abstract Objective：To Analyze the characteristics of female acute myocardial infarction（AMI）and risk factors，and provide more clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of female AMI.Methods：We made a comparative analysis of 342 AMI inpatients（male 219，female 123）in our department from January 2011 to July 2013.Results：Female AMI patients tend to be older，and the differences between female and male group aged 56～64 had statistical significance.The time of female AMI patients went to see a doctor between after having chest pains were more longer.They almost had atypical symptoms and high prevalence of hypertension，diabetes and hyperlipemia.The clinical manifestations were different between the two groups.The results of coronary angiography：the percentage of female multivessel lesions is notably higher than male while the percentage of accepting reperfusion is less than males.Cardiac uhrasonography：the ejection fraction of female AMI is distinctly lower than that of males while the percentage of female group with heart failure，cardiac shock，cardiac arrhythmias，death and other serious complications is apparently higher than that of males，and the difference had statistically significant.Conclusion：Male and female AMI patients have differences between clinical features，complications