拆解产业多氯联苯污染特征及迁移规律研究-环境工程专业论文.docxVIP

IV IV 摘要 多氯联苯 (PCBs) 在环境中长期持留，并通过食物链富集放大。不 当拆解和随意焚烧导致拆解行业 PCBs 污染，引发;污染事件。本文通 过对拆解业土壤、水体和空气中 PCBs 系统调窗，分析了不同环境介 质中 PCBs 的含量及污染特征，并对 PCBs 污染源及其迁移规律作了详 细解析，为环保管理部门提供基础数据支撑。 自 小型拆解作坊阳污染重于大型固废拆解公司和集中拆解眩， 即回废拆解产业的园区化集中整治，可有效控制 PCBs 污染。 比较拆解区和周边士壤环境中 PCBs 浓度发现，拆解区士壤 PCBs E 浓度是周边 5附距离外浓度的 5 倍，说明阳在土壤中的迁移能 力较差，即 PCBs 污染可有效控制在特征区域。对比拆解区与农田土 壤中 PCBs 浓度，两者有统计学上的极显著性差异 (PO.Ol) ，前者是 后者的 10 倍。对污染点垂直土壤 PCBs 污染分析， PCBs 污染纵向还 移力不强，一般在 30cm 以下，其迁移能力受土壤性质、 PCBs 组成及 浓度影响存在一定的差异。 E 地下水、地表水及其底泥易受阳牒，高氯代 PCBs 易纵向 深入污染，对水生态环境构成较大隐患，加大 PCBs 污染防治难度。 拆解集中区对水表水体有明显的 PCBs 输入，里向下游迁移趋势。大 气 PCBs 调查显示，拆解区将对大气环境造成一定的瞅瞅污染风 险。对比颗粒物和气态污染物中 PCBs 浓度水平可知，颗粒物所吸附 的 PCBs 远小于气态污染物中 PCBs 含量。 关键词:多氯联苯，拆解，污染特征，迁移规律 PAGE PAGE VI ABSTRACT Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) could stay for a long period in environment. Amplification and enrichment could be made through food chain. Improper I dismaI向and ran叫向ati ultsin 川lluti叫PCBsi山nantling industry，and triggers a series of pollution incidents. 白lis paper wi1l make a research on the contents and characters of PCBs in various ambient mediums ，and make a detailed analysis on the pollution sources of PCBs and the regular pa忧em，by systematical survey on the PCBs in soil，water and air，with the purpose of providing 归ndamental data for environment protecting department. The pollution of PCBs in small dismantling workshops is more serious than that of large-sized solid waste dismantling companies. That means that the lumped management of campus could control the pollution effectively. By comparing the concentration of PCBs of the dismantling 缸ea and the IT surr叫ng area，it co叫found t川e concentrati 叫PCBs is five tim叫that in the surrounding area 500 meters away. It explains that the migration ability of PCBs in soil is a little weak，and the pollution of PC胁Bs could 忱becωont衍ro州ll时ed in certain I 删area.助Byωm呻paringth趾e阳CO∞ω肌n圳C 叫sO创i川州l 町肌eω轧a， th忱etwo仙havev町er哼ys剑i阳韧缸伊酬1i ficant ∞cO时毗r圳as剑t in 副St旧川ist