组织行为学英文版ch_2_slides-up.pptVIP

Foundations of Individual Behavior 2-* ? 2009 Prentice-Hall Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter Chapter Learning Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Contrast the two types of ability. Define intellectual ability and demonstrate its relevance to OB. Identify the key biographical characteristics and describe how they are relevant to OB. Define learning and outline the principles of the three major theories of learning. Define shaping, and show how it can be used in OB. Show how culture affects our understanding of intellectual abilities, biographical characteristics, and learning. 2-* Job Performance + Job Satisfaction Individual Differences Job Performance Job Satisfaction What are the reasons for these differences? Intellectual Abilities Physical Abilities What can be done to eliminate the differences/ enhance performance / satisfaction? Changing behaviour Ability An individual’s capacity to perform the various tasks in a job. Two sets of factors: Intellectual Abilities The abilities needed to perform mental activities. General Mental Ability (GMA) is a measure of overall intelligence. Wonderlic Personnel Test: a quick measure of intelligence for recruitment screening. 2-* ? 2009 Prentice-Hall Inc. All rights reserved. Intelligence dimensions are positively related. Dimensions of Intellectual Ability 2-* No correlation between intelligence and job satisfaction. Physical Abilities The capacity to do tasks demanding stamina, dexterity, strength, and similar characteristics. Ability Nine Basic Physical Abilities Strength Factors Dynamic strength Trunk strength Static strength Explosive strength Flexibility Factors Extent flexibility Dynamic flexibility Other Factors Body coordination Balance Stamina 2-* ? 2009 Prentice-Hall Inc. All rights reserved. Biographical Characteristics Objective and easily obtained personal characteristics. Age Older workers bring experience, judgment, a strong work ethic, and commitment to quality. Perceiv