城市公交组合调度模型研究-载运工具运用工程专业论文.docxVIP

Study on the Combination of City Bus Scheduling Model A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Su Wei Supervisor：Prof. Yang Jingshuai Chang’an University, Xi’an, China 摘 要 随着社会经济的迅速发展，乘客的出行需求明显增加，由于交通需求在时间上和空 间上的不均衡性，以及人们对出行质量的要求越来越高，传统公共交通已经很难满足人 们的出行需要，通过合理配置不同线路上公交车辆的调度形式及数量，制定科学的运营 调度策略，能够有效地解决在公交车辆运力和乘客需求运量之间的矛盾，因此，积极研 究城市公交组合调度问题具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。 本文首先从国内外学者在公交组合调度方面取得的成果入手，指出公交车辆的几种 调度形式，并分析公交车辆组合调度的影响因素。介绍客流调查的内容、种类及方法， 以客流数据为基础来判定公交车辆的组合调度形式。以乘客出行成本与公交公司成本之 和为优化目标，以相邻车次的发车间隔为变量，建立三种区间车组合调度模型，在模型 中全程车发车数量与区间车发车数量的比值为 m，m 取值不同代表不同的发车模式，最 后利用 MATLAB 对模型求解，得到模型的最优解及发车间隔，进而制定组合调度发车 时刻表。 本文以西安市 36 路公交线路为例，对模型进行验证，并和单一调度的计算结果进 行对比。从满载率、乘客成本和公交成本等几个方面进行具体分析，结果表明，所建模 型能有效的减少系统成本，在平衡车辆满载率方面也有良好的效果，和单一调度相比， 区间车组合调度可以减小公交车队规模。除此之外，当客流不均衡性增大时，模型可以 更大幅度的节约成本，这也进一步验证了模型的有效性和实用性。 关键词：公共交通，区间车，组合调度， MATLAB Abstract With the rapid development of social and economic, there is a significant increase in passenger travel demand. Due to peoples traffic demand in time and space is imbalance, and requirements in travel quality is higher, the traditional public transportation has been difficult to meet peoples travel needs. Through allocating reasonable scheduling forms on different lines and the number of buses, and making scientific operation scheduling strategy can save the contradiction between public transport capacity and passenger traffic demand effectively. Therefore, studying combination of urban public transport scheduling problem positively has important theoretical and practical significance. This paper starts with the achievements from scholars at home and abroad in combination of bus scheduling field, the paper describes several types of transit vehicle dispatching form and analyses the factors affecting combined scheduling form selection. The paper introduces the contents, types and methods of passenger flow survey, and the judgment method to select scheduling form is based on data analysis of passenger flow. The paper establishes three scheduling optimizat