二次风射流对方形循环流化床气固流动特性影响的研究-热能工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 循环流化床作为一项高效、低污染的新型燃烧技术，推动了洁净煤发电 技术的发展。在循环流化床给风控制上，经常利用空气分级将给风分为一次 风和二次风。空气分级是循环流化床锅炉减少NOX排放、控制燃烧质量、降 低风机能耗、保证锅炉颗粒循环倍率的有效手段。以往的研究工作都是在圆 形循环流化床上进行的，而诸如二次风射流在同样应用较广的矩形/方形流 化床上对床内气固流动特性的影响情况则缺少相关的资料。 本文在自建的CFB冷态实验台上研究了二次风射流对方形提升管气固流 动特性的影响。在无空气分级时，应用压力梯度测量，随着操作参数的改变 相继出现了直线型、单调指数函数型和S型分布形式；研究了Geldart-B类粒 子的饱和夹带流率，主要考虑了颗粒循环流率和操作风速等的影响；利用 PV6D光纤浓度速度测量仪对方形提升管的局部颗粒浓度、速度不均匀分布 进行了相关的实验研究。回料流对主流的穿透和底部气流的偏流现象，这致 使了床层颗粒的不均匀分布。在床层底部前墙区域的高浓度颗粒流迫使流化 气体往后墙侧流动，造成后墙侧颗粒速度较高。 空气分级时，在床料存量一定情况下，改变风量的配比将影响到颗粒循 环流率和颗粒在系统中的分布；应用压力梯度测量，研究了此时的饱和夹带 流率；采用CO2示踪法研究了二次风射流的穿透性，并得出了合理的计算模 型；以及射流对床内气固流动特性的影响进行了相关的研究与分析，局部颗 粒浓度、速度与无空气分级情况下进行对比。 关键词 循环流化床；方形提升管；二次风 I - Abstract As a high effective and low pollution combustion technology, circulating fluidized bed (CFB) has promotes the development of clean coal power generation technology. Air Classification that divides the total air (TA) into the primary air (PA) and second air (SA) has been adopted, which has advantage to reduces NOX emission, controls burning quality, reduces energy consumption of fans and commits solids circulation rate (Gs). Most work has been done on the effects of circular CFB, but the effects of the SA jets on the hydrodynamics of riser are not fully understood, especially when the riser cross-section is square or rectangular. The research on effects of the SA jets on the hydrodynamics of square riser has been taken on a cold CFB model. When air-staging was not adopted, it appeared subsequently straight line, monotonous exponent function and S-shape form. Saturation carrying capacity (Gs*) of Geldart-B particles has been researched, considering Gs and operating gas velocity. Uneven local solids concentration and particle velocity distribution in the cross-section riser was analyzed by PV6D. The phenomenon that the back feeding particles from recycling system penetrates the gas-solid flow in the riser and the bottom gas flows offset, leads to the asymmetry flow. High concentration particles of bottom in the front wall s