润滑油抗氧剂协同的作用的研究.docVIP

润滑油抗氧剂协同的作用的研究 　　摘要:对润滑油的氧化机理做了简要阐述,并根据不同的抗氧作用机理,将抗氧剂分为三类:自由基清除剂(如酚类和胺类抗氧剂)、氢过氧化物分解剂(如氨基甲酸酯)和抗氧协合剂(如不含硫磷的钼酸酯)。利用加压差示扫描量热法(PDSC)对不同类型抗氧剂以及它们之间的协同作用进行了考察。研究表明,作为氢过氧化物分解剂,改进的无灰氨基甲酸酯具有比胺类、酚类抗氧剂更好的性能,这显示了氢过氧化物分解型抗氧剂巨大的应用潜力。研究还表明,具有相同抗氧机理的不同抗氧剂,如酚类和胺类抗氧剂,具有协同作用;不同作用机理的两抗氧剂之间,如自由基清除剂和氢过氧化物分解剂,具有更好的抗氧化协同效果,其中,无灰氨基甲酸酯与烷基化二苯胺抗氧剂具有最佳的抗氧协同效能,可成为高温无灰抗氧剂应用的一个很好选择;不同抗氧机理的三种抗氧剂复合,如烷基化二苯胺,氨基甲酸锌和有机钼酸酯组成的三元复合抗氧剂,具有更为优秀的抗氧化性能。通过不同机理抗氧剂之间的协同,不仅可以获得优秀的抗氧化性能,还可获得附加的极压、抗磨和减摩性能,而且有的减摩、抗磨性能还非常突出,如烷基化二苯胺、氨基甲酸锌和有机钼酸酯组成的三元复合添加剂体系。 　　关键词:润滑油;抗氧剂;自由基清除剂;氢过氧化物分解剂;抗氧协合剂;协同作用 　　中图分类号:TE624.82 文献标识码:A 　　 　　Study on the Synergistic Effects of the Antioxidants for Lubricant 　　YAO Jun-bing, Gaston Aguilar, Steven G. Donnelly 　　(R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc.) 　　Abstract:The basic oxidation mechanism of lubricant was reviewed briefly. The antioxidants were classified as three major species: radical scavenger (for examples, phenol and amine antioxidants), hydroperoxide decomposer (for examples, dithiocarbamate derivatives), and antioxidation synergist (for example, phosphorous and sulfur free molybdate ester). Pressurized Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC) was employed to evaluate the antioxidation performances of different antioxidants and their synergism. The research indicated, as a hydroperoxide decomposer, modified ashless dithiocarbamate possesses better antioxidation performance than phenol and amine antioxidants, which reveals the great application potential of hydroperoxide decomposer as antioxidant. The investigation also showed that, the antioxidants with same action mechanism, for example, as both radical scavengers, phenol and amine antioxidants are synergistic (homosynergism); But the synergistic effects between two antioxidants with different action mechanism, such as radical scavenging phenol and amine antioxidants, and hydroperoxide decomposing ashless dithiocarbamate, are much stronger (heterosynergism), and the heterosynergism between dithiocarbamate and alkylated dipheny