3大学英语四级英语阅读猜词(精品·公开课件).ppt

Word Attack Strategies 阅读猜词技巧 所谓猜测词义,是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的词义。 猜词技巧也是一种很重要的应试技巧.在诸多的英语测试中,几乎都包含有判断生词或关键词词义的题目.如: 1) In Line...the word...could best be replaced by which of the following? 2) According to the author the word ...means _____. 3) By word ... the author means ____. 4) Which of the following is nearest/ closest in meaning to ... ? 一 针对性解释 1．根据定义(definition)猜测词义 如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。 E.g.  1) Anthropology is the scientific study of man. 2) In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation. Ventilation, as you know , is a system or means of providing fresh air . It plays a very important part in the field of engineering. ventilation 这个词的意思是通风. 定义句的谓语动词多为：be, to be, mean, define, deal with, be considered, refer to, be called, be known as, be termed (被定义为) represent, signify, constitute等。 A person or thing beyond comparison, a model of excellence, is known as a paragon. paragon：模范、优秀的人或物 Monogamy, the practice or condition of having one marriage partner, is now adopted by most countries as one of state policies. The harbor (港口) is protected by a jetty — a wall built out into the water. 防波堤 2.根据复述(restatement)猜测词义 虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。 复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。 e.g. 1) Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently. e.g. 2) Modern medicine and new methods of food production allow adults to live longer and babies to survive, not die soon after birth. (Here “not die” helps us to know what survive means.) 3）He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks.（以定语从句为线索猜测词义） prestidigitator：变戏法者. 4) Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district. florist花店主 在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分 号，引号，和括号等。 e