高产广适小麦新品种鲁原502适宜播期播量的研究.docVIP

高产广适小麦新品种鲁原502适宜播期播量的研究 　　摘要：为充分挖掘鲁原502的高产潜力，为大面积推广应用提供栽培技术指导，研究了不同播期播量对鲁原502产量和产量构成因素的影响。结果表明：随播期推迟，鲁原502的产量和公顷穗数逐渐降低，穗粒数和千粒重逐渐提高；不同播期对千粒重影响较大，其次为公顷穗数，而对穗粒数影响较小；随着播量增加，鲁原502的产量逐渐提高，公顷穗数先逐渐上升后趋于稳定，穗粒数和千粒重均逐渐下降；播量对产量构成因素影响大小依次为：穗粒数千粒重公顷穗数。鲁原502在济南及周边区域的适宜播期为10月4～12日，适宜播量（基本苗）为225.0万～270.0万/hm2。鲁原502获得高产，首先要做到适期适量播种，保证足够的有效穗数，同时穗粒数和千粒重应同步提高。 　　关键词：鲁原502；播期；播量；产量构成因素 　　中图分类号：S512.104.2文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2014）07-0051-04 　　AbstractIn order to provide available cultural techniques for high yield and wide diffusion of new wheat variety Luyuan 502， the effects of sowing date and seeding density on yield and its components were researched. The results showed that the yield and spikes per hectare decreased gradually with the delay of sowing date， while the kernels per spike and 1 000-grain weight increased. The effect of sowing date on 1 000-grain weight was the highest， and then the spikes per hectare and kernels per spike in order. With the increase of seeding density， the yield increased gradually； the spikes per hectare increased firstly and then tended to be stable； the kernels per spike and 1 000-grain weight decreased. The effect of seeding density on yield components was kernels per spike1 000-grain weight spikes per hectare. The suitable sowing date of Luyuan 502 was October 4～12 in Jinan and surrounding areas， and the optimum seeding density ranged from 225.0×104 to 270.0×104 plants per hectare. Therefore， in order to obtain high yield of Luyuan 502， the suitable sowing date and seeding density should be firstly considered to get ideal effective spikes，and the kernels per spike and 1 000-grain weight should be improved synchronously. 　　Key wordsLuyuan 502；Sowing date； Seeding density； Yield components 　　近年来育种家育出系列高产小麦新品种，山东省区试中其产量都在8 250.0 kg/hm2左右，小面积实打9 750.0 kg/hm2，甚至达到11 250.0 kg/hm2以上。但山东小麦生产上的产量仅为6 000 kg/hm2左右，品种的产量潜力没能充分发挥，其重要原因是生产中重品种、轻栽培。合理的栽培措施能使小麦建成理想的产量结构，提高单产。播期播量是小麦栽培技术的重要内容，能够影响小麦的产量三要素以及株高等性状，进而影响到品种的抗寒抗病抗倒能力，最终对产量形成重要影响[1～3]。 　　鲁原502系山东省