上海市宝山区菊泉地区绝经后妇女骨质疏松危险因素剖析.docVIP

上海市宝山区菊泉地区绝经后妇女骨质疏松危险因素剖析 　　摘 要 目的：为社区原发性骨质疏松症的预防提供依据。方法：随机抽取菊泉地区2个居委与2个村委共488名年龄在45～75岁的绝经后妇女进行问卷调查和定量超声骨密度仪测定跟骨骨密度。结果：单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，每日蛋类摄入量高与高体重为绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的保护因素，而高哺乳次数、增龄、高绝经年数为其危险因素；多元Logistic回归分析结果显示，高绝经年数为绝经后妇女骨质疏松症的危险因素，而高体重为其保护因素。结论：预防社区绝经后妇女骨质疏松症，应在其年轻时期进行相关知识教育，提倡科学哺乳、合理饮食和运动、使体重保持在健康的水平。 　　关键词 绝经后妇女 骨质疏松 危险因素 　　中图分类号：R681； R589.5 文献标识码：C 文章编号：1006-1533（2015）21-0051-02 　　Analysis of risk factors for postmenopausal women at the Juquan area of Baoshan District in Shanghai* 　　LI Ling， LV Zhenglei**， HUANG Honger 　　（Juquan Community Health Service Center of Baoshan District， Shanghai 201906， China） 　　ABSTRACT Objective： To provide a basis for the prevention of primary osteoporosis in community. Methods： A total of 488 postmenopausal women aged from 45 to 75 years old were randomly selected and questionnaire and calcaneal bone mineral density determination were performed with a quantitative ultrasound bone densitometer. Results： The analysis of single factor Logistic regression showed that the intake of high egg-like protein and high body weight were protective factors for postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMOP） while high frequency of breastfeeding， increasing age， high-menopausal years were risk factors. The analysis of multivariate Logistic regression showed that high-menopausal years were a risk factor of PMOP while high body weight was a protective factor of PMOP. Conclusion： In order to prevent PMOP， yang women in the community should be educated with relative knowledge such as scientific breastfeeding， reasonable diet and exercise and body weight controlled at healthy level. 　　KEY WORDS postmenopausal women； osteoporosis； risk factors 　　绝经后骨质疏松症发生于绝经后妇女，由于雌激素缺乏导致骨量减少及骨微结构变化，使骨强度降低而易于骨折，是原发性骨质疏松症的一个重要亚型[1]。中国是世界上老龄化速度最快的国家，上海是全国最早迈入老龄社会的城市，至2020年，上海将有1/3人口是老人。如何行之有效地在社区范围预防绝经后骨质疏松症，对于降低医疗成本，改善社区居民健康具有重大意义。本文通过对上海市宝山区菊泉地区488例绝经后妇女骨质疏松危险因素进行分析，希望能为社区预防绝经后骨质疏松症提供参考。 　　1 材料和方法1.1 研究对象 　　采用分层抽样的方法，随机抽取宝山区菊泉地区2个居委与2个村委，年龄在45～75岁的常住社区居民，其中绝经后妇女的有效问卷数