中美两国体育文化软实力剖析.docVIP

中美两国体育文化软实力剖析 　　摘 要: 体育文化与国家软实力的内在和外在关系表明,体育文化已经成为国家文化软实力 的重要组成部分,衡量一国综合国力的重要标准。基于历史和现实的原因,中美两国体育文 化在作用国家软实力的过程中,在体育基础水平、体育文化价值观的影响力、体育文化转化 为现实生产力的能力和体育文化发展的条件保障等方面存在差距。通过对比分析,找到这些 差距的原因,同时有针对性地从国家战略的高度探讨出一条符合我国国情的体育文化软实力 构建战略策略体系,为政府高度重视体育文化软实力建设提供决策的理论依据和实践参考。 　　关键词:体育文化;体育文化软实力;文化软实力构建 　　中图分类号:G80-05 　　文献标识码:A 　　文章编号 :1007-3612(2010)06-0013-05 　　 　　An Analysis of Soft Power of Sport Culture Between China and Am erica 　　WANG Zhi?zhang 　　(College of Economic and Management,Southwest University,Chon gqing 400715,China) 　　Abstract: The internal and external relationship between sport culture and national cultur e soft power shows that physical culture is an important part and measurement of national culture soft power. Due to the historical and practical factors,ther e is a great gap between the function of sports on the soft power between China and America,namely,in the development level,the influence on cultural values ,and the ability of conversing into productive forces and the efforts of differ ent countries and so on. According to the comparative analysis,the paper tries to find the reasons of these differences and at the same time to find the clear national strategic system of how to establish the national sport culture soft p ower in the perspective of government decision?making,which provides the theor etical supporting and practical models for the governments at all levels in the course of constructing national sport culture soft power 　　Key words: sport culture; soft power of sport culture; construction of c ulture soft power 　　 　　1 体育文化与国家文化软实力 　　 　　“软实力”(soft power)对一个国家、一个民族而言是一种支撑力、一种创造力、一 种推动力、一种传承力、一种审美力、一种文化力。美国学者约瑟夫#8226;奈认为,今日世界仅 靠经济实力、军事实力已经无法统治和影响整个世界,必须进行实力的转换(Converting P ower),改变实力的界面(The Changing Face of Power),用国家的软实力来取代那种单 靠军事和经济影响国家的战略。[1]在软实力构成要素中,文化作为软实力的经纬 ,是维系 软实力的灵魂。缺少文化高度的软实力是短视的,缺少文化深度的软实力是肤浅的,缺少文 化包容的软实力是狭隘的,缺少文化创新的软实力则必然会逐渐僵化和萎缩。[2] 体育文化 从古希腊诞生那天,就具有了追求身体外表健美,强调个人发展,力争竞技取胜等特征,体 育也因此表现出了独特的力量。[3]这种文化力以其独特的个性特质魅力和拥有