吉林省农安地区农田防护林生态经济效益剖析.docVIP

吉林省农安地区农田防护林生态经济效益剖析 　　摘要 对吉林省农安地区成熟防护林的农田林网的防风效应、水热效应和经济效益进行了调查研究。结果表明：由4条林带构成的林网，平均降低风速30.4%，最低风速出现在观测区背风面的3 H~10 H处，降低60%。林网内背风面1 H~10 H处和迎风面3~5 H处为增温区，日平均增温0.4~1.0 ℃。而林网内背风面15 H~35 H处和迎风面6 H处为低温区，日平均增温在0.3~0.5 ℃。2行林带在有效防风距离以内，相对湿度的提高最低，平均提高6.3个百分点。12行林带次之，平均提高10.1个百分点。6行林带最好，平均提高20.4个百分点。林网内玉米平均产量9 211.9 kg/hm2，比对照区增加14.1%。3~10 H增产幅度为17%~25%，属于增产率最高区。可见，农田防护林具有非常明显的防风效应、水热效应和经济效益，是农田基本建设的重要组成部分。 　　关键词 防护林；防风效应；水热效应；经济效益; 吉林省；农安地区 　　中图分类号 S727.24 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2012）01-0204-02 　　 　　Analysis on Ecological-economic Benefits of Shelter Forest in Nong′an District of Jilin Province 　　XU Peng ZOU Chun-jing* LI Miao-miao LIU An-tian FANG Hui DAI Xue 　　（Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization Ecological Restoration，School of Life Science，East China Normal University，Shanghai 200062） 　　Abstract In this paper，the windproof effects，hydro-thermal effects and economic benefits of matured shelter-forest in Jilin Nong’an District were investigated. The results showed that the forest-network formed by the four forest-belts，reducing 30.4% of the wind speed on average，and minimum wind speed appeared in the range of 3 H to 10 H（height of shelter belt）on the leeward side in observation area with reduction of 60%. The heating zones appeared in the range of 1 H to 10 H on the leeward side and 3 H to 5 H on the windward side. The daily average temperature increased by 0.4 ℃ to 1.0 ℃. However，the low temperature area appeared in the range of 15 H to 35 H on the leeward side and 6 H on the windward side. The daily average temperature was increased by 0.3 ℃ to 0.5 ℃. 2-line forest-belt within an effective distance of the windbreak，the improvement of the relative humidity was the lowest，which had an average increase of 6.3 percentage points. 12-line forest-belt was next，which had an average increase of 10.1 percentage points. 6-line forest-belt was the best，which had an average increase of 20.4 percentage points. Corn in forest-network yielded 9 211.9 kg/hm2 on average，wh