名词性从句应用.pptVIP

名词性从句的应用Noun clauses 名词性从句的分类及连接词 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 1.连接词：that(本身无意义), whether…(or)（是否）, if（是否） 作用：只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分。 2.连接代词：what什么-指物, whatever无论什么, who谁-主格, whoeve无论谁r, whom谁-宾格, whose谁的-所有格, which哪个-人或物. 作用：主语，宾语， 定语，表语等语法成分。 3.连接副词：when, where, how, why 作用：起连接作用，还可以在从句中充当状语。 试一试，找出下列句子中所包含的名词性从句，指出它们都是什么从句（主语/宾语/表语/同位语从句）并划出其引导词。 The question is who can operate the new machine. Who will go is not important. Whose plan is better has not been discussed. Do you remember what he said at the meeting? When the meeting will be held has not been announced. This is where we spent our summer holidays. Nobody ever explained why he had been dismissed. How they are going to settle the argument is still a problem. 宾语从句 Object clauses 名词性从句用作句子宾语叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如： He has told me (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything and that others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。 2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。 例如：I want to know what he has told you. She always thinks of how she can work well. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。 此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时,在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if： a. 引导主语从句并在句首时； b. 引导表语从句时； c . 引导从句作介词宾语时； d. 从句后有“or not”时； e. 后接动词不定式时。 whether or if 例如：Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test? Everything depends on whether we have enough money. I wonder whether he will come or not. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? a. 引导主语从句并在句首时； b. 引导表语从句时； c . 引导从句作介词宾语时； d