广州市中学生血压偏高状况及其相关因素剖析.docVIP

广州市中学生血压偏高状况及其相关因素剖析 　　【摘要】 目的 分析广州市中学生血压分布现状以及血压偏高的影响因素,为制定中学生健康教育措施提供依据。方法 按分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取广州市5所中学初一到高二年级共4 542名中学生进行体格检查和问卷调查。结果 广州市中学男、女生血压偏高检出率分别为3.9%和4.9%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.144);超重检出率分别为12.8%和7.0%,肥胖检出率分别为4.6%和2.7%,差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.01)。应用后退法做Logistic回归分析,最终进入血压偏高方程的是BMI。结论 超重肥胖是青少年血压偏高的重要危险因素;应督促青少年积极参加体育活动,并加强对中学生进行科学膳食方面的健康教育。 　　【关键词】 血压;高血压;超重;肥胖症;因素分析,统计学;学生 　　【中图分类号】 R 339.35 R 544.1 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)07-0816-02 　　 　　High Blood Pressure and the Relative Factors Among Middle School Students in Guangzhou/DENG Xiao-juan*, YAN Xiao-yin, XU Liang, et al.* School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha(410078), China 　　【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the distributions of blood pressure and obesity among Guangzhou middle school students and to provide evidence for making students mental health intervention. Methods Medical check-up and a youth risk behavior questionnaire were conducted with stratified random cluster sampling among 4 542 middle school students from 5 middle schools in Guangzhou. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 3.9% and 4.9% for male and female, and the difference had no statistical significance(P=0.144). The prevalence of overweight was 12.8% and 7.0%, of obesity was 4.6% and 2.7% for male and female, respectively, and the difference had statistical significance(P0.01). By using backward method Logistic regression analyysis showed that BMI entered the hypertension equation finally. Conclusion Overweight and obesity are the risk factors to adolescents hypertension. Adolescents should be supervised to involve in physical activities and reasonable dietary. 　　【Key words】 Blood pressure; Hypertension; Overweight; Obesity; Factor analysis, statistical; Students 　　 　　高血压是严重危害人类健康的常见病、多发病,除有血压升高和血液动力学异常之外,还伴有代谢紊乱和心、肾、脑、眼底等靶器官损害。随着社会经济的发展和人们生活方式的改变,我国人群高血压患病率呈持续增长趋势。有研究表明,高血压病可能起始于儿童时期,青少年初始血压水平与以后的血压有着良好的相关性,如在中小学时期进行有效干预,则可降低或控制其发病,对儿童青少年一生的心血管健康都有益,因此高血压防治应从儿童及青少年时期开始[1-2]。该文通过了解青少年的血压、超重肥胖状况及其影响因素,有助于社区/