广平县地下水超采综合治理剖析.docVIP

广平县地下水超采综合治理剖析 　　摘要 河北省地下水超采综合治理项目已经实施3年，亟须对地下水压采效果进行评估。本文以河北省广平县为研究对象，收集评估区自然地理数据、社会经济发展状况数据、农业信息数据、水资源基础数据、长序列降水数据、地下水埋深数据、农业用电量数据以及其他相关基础数据，并开展相关抽水试验；利用有效降水与开采量曲线（P-W）计算出地下水的压采量，分析了2014年广平县在水利和农业2个方面压采目标的完成情况；同时对地下水超采综合治理工作做出客观评价，为以后开展类似地下水超采治理提供参考借鉴。 　　关键词 地下水超采；综合治理；压采；效果评估；有效降水；开采量；地下水位；河北广平 　　中图分类号 P333 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2017）21-0183-06 　　Abstract The comprehensive treatment projects of groundwater over-exploitation have been carried out for 3 years in Hebei Province，and the evaluation effect of exploitation restriction is in urgent need.This paper dealed with Guangping County of Hebei Province as the research subject.The natural geographical data，social and economic development data，agricultural information data，water resources information data，long sequence of rainfall data，groundwater depth data，agricultural electricity consumption data and other related data were collected，and typical regional experimental study was conducted.Using the effective precipitation-groundwater exploitation（P-W）curve and accompanying research methods，the quantity of groundwater exploitation restriction was calculated.The goal completion condition of groundwater exploitation restriction was analyzed through hydraulic measures and agricultural measures of the groundwater over-exploitation comprehensive treatment projects carried out in Guangping County in 2014.This paper assessed the treatment effect of groundwater over-exploitation，as well as supplied technical support for the effect evaluation of groundwater exploitation restriction of agricultural irrigation in Guangping County and relevant areas. 　　Key words groundwater over-exploitation；comprehensive treatment；exploitation restriction；effective evaluation；effect precipitation；exploitation quantity；water level；Guangping Hebei 　　在?^去的50年中，由于降雨在时间和空间上的分配不均匀性以及随着河水径流量的减少、水资源严重短缺的增加，北方地区在农业灌溉水资源和灌溉原理上应提出新的要求[1-2]。中国北方平原作为一个重要的农业灌溉地区，当前正面临严重的水资源短缺问题[3]。农业灌溉在很大程度上依赖于地下水。由于水资源供求关系的极度不平衡，使得地下水过度开采问题变得尤为突出。作为水循环中的一个重要组成部分，过