UNITSFTHEINTERNATINALSYSTEM国际制度的单位.docVIP

UNITS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM 国际制度的单位 The International System (abbreviated SI, for Systeme International, the French name for the system) was adopted in 1960 by the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures. An expanded and modified version of the metric system, the International System addresses the needs of modern science for additional and more accurate units of measurement. The key features of the International System are decimalization, a system of prefixes, and a standard defined in terms of an invariable physical measure. 国际制度(国际制度的缩写为SI，是国际制度的法语名称)被1960 年的第十一届大会用于度量衡。公制的扩大和修改版本，即国际制度 针对了现代科学附加的及更加正确的度量单位的需要。国际制度的主 要特点是采用了十进制法、字首体系、以不变的物理度量方式解释的 标准。 BASE UNITS 基本单位 The International System has base units from which all others in the system are derived. The standards for the base units，except for the kilogram, are defined by unchanging and reproducible physical occurrences. For example, the meter is defined as the distance traveled by light in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second. The standard for the kilogram is a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Standards in Sevres, France. 国际制度有基本单位，由此衍生出此制度中的其他单位。除千克以外， 基本单位的标准以不变的且可再生的物理事件为解释。例如，公尺被 解释为光在真空中以每1/299,792,458秒的速度所穿越的距离。千克的 标准是指置于法国塞夫勒的国际度量及标准局的白金铱圆柱为准 UNITQUANTITYSYMBOL 单位数量符号 meter公尺length长度m kilogram 千克 mass 质量 kg second 秒 time 时间 s ampere 安培 electric current 电流 A kelvin 幵 temperature 温度 K mole 摩尔 amount of matter 数量 mol candela 1 烛光 luminous intensity 发光强度 cd SUPPLEMENTARY UNITS 辅助单位 The International System uses two supplementary units that are based on abstract geometrical concepts rather than physical standards. 国际制度采用了两种辅助单位，其依据于抽象的几何概念而非物理标 准。 UNITQU ANTIT YS YMB OL 单位数量符号 radian 弧度 plane angles 平面角 rad steradian 立体弧度 solid angles 立方角 sr PREFIXES 字首 A multiple of a unit in the International System is formed by adding a prefix to the name of that unit. The prefixes change the magnitude of the unit by orders often from 10 18 to 10-18. 经由在单位名称前面加一字首构成