我国城市居民主要疾病死亡率剖析.docVIP

我国城市居民主要疾病死亡率剖析 　　【摘要】 目的 分析我国城市居民主要疾病死亡率的流行病学特征,了解我国居民主要死亡率的流行病学趋势,为我国疾病防治提供科学依据。方法 对1990~2007年我国城市居民主要疾病死亡率资料进行回顾性分析。结果 1990年我国城市居民主要疾病死亡率前3位为恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、心脏病,2002年我国城市居民主要疾病死亡率前3位为恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病,2007年我国城市居民主要疾病死亡率前3位为恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、心脏病,恶性肿瘤和心脑血管疾病已经成为我国城市居民死亡的主要原因。结论 我国城市居民死亡原因以恶性肿瘤和心脑血管疾病为主,生活环境、饮食结构的变化等均为可能的危险因素,目前我国的疾病防控工作也强调预防为主、防治结合的方针,应大力开展有针对性的预防措施。 　　【关键词】 主要疾病;死亡率 　　 　　Analysis of death rate of main diseases among urban populations in China 　　 　　YAO Jian-yi,MIAO Shu-jun,JI Xue-mei,et al. 　　Office for Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China 　　 　　【Abstract】 Objective The study was conducted to analyze the death rate of main diseases among urban populations in China from 1990 to 2007,to understand the epidemiological trend of main diseases’ death in China,and to provide some strategies for prevention.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed based on the epidemiological data of death rate of main diseases from 1990 to 2007.Results The three main leading diseases for urban population’s death in 1990 were cancer,cerebrovascular diseases,and heart diseases,respectively; in 2002 were cancer,cerebrovascular diseases,and respiratory diseases,respectively; in 2007 were cancer,cerebrovascular diseases,and heart diseases,respectively; cancer and cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases has been the leading causes of death among urban populations.Conclusion Cancer and cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases are the leading causes of death among urban populations,the risk factors could be the change of living environment,and diet,etc; public health strategy in China is Prevention first,and combination of prevention and treatment,target prevention measures should be implemented. 　　【Key words】 Main diseases; Death rate 　　 　　近年来,我国城市居民死亡率以恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病等慢性病为主,已经成为我国居民首要死因之一,其死亡率位于世界较高水平[1,2]。目前,随着社会经济的发展,我国城乡居民的生活方式、饮食结构、环境状况等发生了实质性的变化,尤其是人口城市化、老龄化、环境污染和生活方式的变化等诸多因素,城乡居民健康行为和疾病模式也发生了变化[3],与之 　　? 　　作者单位:100