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阿维菌素中毒18例临床剖析
阿维菌素中毒18例临床剖析
[摘要] 目的 探讨口服阿维菌素中毒的临床诊断及综合治疗方法。方法 调查2010年1月~2012 年12月因口服阿维菌素中毒在本院急诊内科住院的18例患者,从口服中毒量、就诊时间、临床症状及体征、辅助检查等方面进行分析,通过洗胃、对症支持治疗、呼吸机辅助呼吸、血液灌流等方法进行综合救治。结果 经3~20d治疗后,18例患者均痊愈出院。结论 目前口服阿维菌素中毒暂无特效解毒药,经洗胃及积极的综合支持及对症治疗,能显著提高中毒患者的临床救治成功率。
[关键词] 阿维菌素;中毒;临床研究
[中图分类号] R595.4#8195;#8195;#8195;[文献标识码] B#8195;#8195;#8195;[文章编号] 2095-0616(2014)08-203-03
Clinical analysis of 18 cases of avermectin poisoning
LIU#8195;Kai
Department of Medical Emergency,Bengbu Third Peoples Hospital,Bengbu 233000,China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical diagnosis and comprehensive treatment methods for oral avermectin poisoning. Methods Eighteen patients suffering from oral avermectin poisoning that were hospitalized in the medical emergency department of our hospital from January 2010 to December 2012 were investigated and analyzed from the aspects of oral poisoning dose, admission time, clinical symptoms and signs and laboratory examination. Comprehensive rescue and treatment including gastric lavage, symptomatic and supportive treatment, ventilator-assisted breathing and blood perfusion was implemented. Results After 3 to 20 days of treatment, all 18 patients were cured and discharged from hospital. Conclusion There is no special antidote for oral avermectin poisoning currently, but gastric lavage and active comprehensive supportive and symptomatic treatment can significantly improve the clinical rescue and treatment success rate of the poisoned patients.
[Key words] Avermectin;Poisoning;Clinical research
阿维菌素属于大环内脂类化合物,近年来在农业生产中有着越来越广泛的应用,其作为一种新型的农畜两用昆虫神经毒剂类药物,临床上口服中毒的病例也越来越多[1]。在相关动物实验中可见大剂量阿维菌素会导致实验动物呼吸衰竭[2]。而人若是服用后,会对人体的多个脏器和系统造成严重影响。患者口服阿维菌素中毒的主要特点为发病急、进展快、病情重,易导致呼吸肌麻痹引起呼吸衰竭,多数患者皆因得不到及时救治而死亡,因此早发现、早诊断、早治疗尤为关键。近年来,口服阿维菌素中毒的患者有增多的趋势,本院急诊科也收治了不少口服阿维菌素中毒的患者,为了总结临床治疗思路,现调查了本科室2010年1月~2012 年12月收治的18例口服阿维菌素中毒的患者,希望能为今后更好的开展临床治疗提供帮助。
1#8195;资料与方法
1.1#8195;一般资料
本次调查收集了从2010年1月~2012 年12月本科室收治的18例口服阿维菌素中毒患者,其中女11例,男7例,患者均既往体健,入院后完善各种检查,及收集中毒
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