大型锥台型风电塔架结构振动测试及抗风抗震反应研究结构工程专业论文.docx

内蒙 内蒙古科技大学硕士学位论文 I I 摘 要 作为发电设备的支撑结构，塔架所受荷载非常复杂，其安全性能直接关乎整个风力 发电系统的正常运行。本文以内蒙古地区某 1.5MW 锥台型风力发电塔架为对象，首先 对塔架结构进行了现场振动测试，然后对塔架结构适当简化并利用有限元软件 ANSYS 建立模型，并对塔架模型进行了模态分析、静力分析以及地震响应分析，在地震响应分 析时考虑了竖向地震作用以及地基刚度对塔架动力响应的影响。 研究结果表明：塔架实测结果与有限元模拟结果接近，其中一阶频率为 0.5，一阶 阻尼比为 1.82%；塔架不会发生共振破坏；塔架在运行时风轮推力在额定风速时达到最 大，最不利风荷载工况为暴风风速，在暴风风速下塔顶位移接近限值，而材料强度安全 储备较大；塔架在七度罕遇地震作用、七度多遇地震和额定风共同作用下最大应力和塔 顶位移均小于暴风荷载作用下塔架的响应，在七度罕遇地震和额定风共同作用下塔架仍 处于弹性阶段，但塔顶位移超出正常使用限值，竖向地震作用对塔架应力和塔顶位移影 响不大；土与结构相互作用对塔架动力响应影响较大，塔筒与基础接触部位以及门洞附 近有应力集中，为塔架薄弱部位，塔架良好的抗震体系设计需考虑土与结构相互作用。 本文对锥台型风力发电塔架结构的振动测试和有限元抗风抗震分析结果可以为风力 发电塔架以及类似结构研究、设计及振动控制提供一定的参考依据。 关键词：锥台型塔架；风荷载；动力响应；地震作用；土与结构 II II Abstract As the support structure of wind power equipment, the tower structures safety performances directly affect the wind power systems normal running. This paper take a 1.5 MW cone wind power tower in Inner Mongolia for object, and take vibration test to wind power tower structure in service firstly, on the basis, simplified the tower structure duly and establish model using finite element software ANSYS, and then do modal analysis, static analysis and seismic response analysis to the tower model, obtained the tower dynamic response in the wind load and seismic load, find tower weak positions and considered the influence of vertical earthquake role and the foundation stiffness to the dynamic response of tower. The results of the study show that: the tested results is close to the finite element simulation results, the first order frequency is 0.5, first-order damping ratio is 1.82%, and tower wont happen resonance damage; the rotor thrust under rated wind speed achieve maximum when generate electricity normally, the storm wind speed is the most adverse wind load condition, the top displacement is close to the limit and material strength have larger rich under storm wind speed; tower top displacement and stress in seven degrees under the action of the rarely met earthquake and combined action of seven degrees more severe earthquake and the rate