超音速火焰喷涂中粒子与基体撞击行为的数值研究-材料加工工程专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 中文摘要 超音速火焰喷涂技术为热喷涂的一个分支，目前已取代等离子喷涂而成为热 喷涂的主流。它是通过 Laval 喷管喷出的高温高速焰流将喷涂粒子加速加热到一 定程度后与基体撞击，依靠基体与粒子的塑性变形及粒子的部分融化而实现粒子 与基体间的结合。在喷涂过程中，粒子的速度较高，对基体的冲击作用很大，结 合强度很高；而粒子温度相对较低，粒子不易发生氧化，且对基体的热影响较小， 易于形成致密性好的高性能涂层。 本文采用数值模拟的手段系统的研究了在超音速火焰喷涂过程中，粒子的初 始状态与基体的状态对粒子与基体碰撞过程的影响，研究结果表明： 粒子的变形主要发生在撞击过程的初始阶段，粒子变形的 90%是在前二分之 一的时间内完成。粒子的直径对粒子与基体的变形没有影响，但对粒子与基体撞 击过程的持续时间有重要的影响。撞击过程持续时间与粒子的直径成正比，粒子 的直径越大，撞击持续时间越长。随着粒子初始速度的增加，粒子的扁平化程度 降低；而粒子与基体的接触面积以及基体对粒子作用力的纵向分量变大，这有利 于提高涂层的结合强度及致密性。升高粒子初始温度有利于提高粒子的扁平化程 度以及粒子与基体的接触面积，从而提高涂层的结合强度和致密性，形成性能良 好的涂层。 基体的状态同样对粒子与基体的撞击具有重要的影响。提高基体初始温度有 利于增大界面接触面积，从而提高界面结合强度，而提高基体强度的效果相反， 较高的基体强度将使得粒子与基体的接触面积降低，减小界面结合强度。 同时应该注意到，当粒子的初始速度下降到一定程度或基体的强度增加到一 定程度时，粒子的溅射部分将与基体接触，虽然此部分接触面积不能提高界面接 触强度，却可以避免或减少飞溅的产生。 关键词：超音速火焰喷涂；冲击动力学；粒子；涂层；数值模拟计算 ABSTRACT High velocity Oxy-fuel spraying technology, a branch of thermal spraying technology, had replaced plasma spraying technology as the mainstream of thermal spraying technology. Spraying particle was heated and accelerated to a certain degree in the high velocity and high temperature flame ejected from a Laval nozzle, followed by impacting on the substrate. The bonding of particle and substrate depended on the plastic deformation of particle and substrate and the part-melting of particle. During the spraying process, particle’s velocity being relatively high, the impact to substrate was strong and the bonding strength was fine. And particle’s temperature being relatively low, high performance coatings with high compactness could be formed easily because of particle oxidation and thermal impact to substrate were low. In this study, a comprehensive investigation on the impact process of particle on substrate was conducted by numerical method. Initial particle states and substrate conditions were studied in this paper. Numerical simulation results showed that: Particle deformation mainly took place in the beginning of the deformation process. 90% of the particle deformation occurred in half the deformation time. Diame