阜新孙家湾矸石山水土流失和沟蚀演变研究-水土保持与荒漠化防治专业论文.docxVIP

Abstract This dissertation takes the Sunjiawan gangue pile in Fuxin as the study object, through field investigation, observation on the spot and lab analysis, scouring the undisturbed soil test, concluding surface soil properties of sample plot at different dumping years and different slope directions and different slope positions at the gangue pile, and comparing with natural soil and soil of the waste dump of mine, systematic studies influencing factors on erosion gully, then measure erosion gully by manual and using total station, bases on the spots situation, analysis and summarize characteristics of soil erosion at the Sunjiawan gangue pile, evolution of gully erosion. The result shows as following. Surface soil at the Sunjiawan gangue pile belongs to sandy loam soil. To compare with natural soil and soil of the waste dump of mine, its surface soil texture is looser, bulk density is lower, porosity is higher, organic matter content is higer, and erosion-resisting coefficient is weaker. With dumping years increasing, its soil condition is better. So it’s good for vegetation growing, and increasing vegetation coverage, reducing soil erosion. Simulating rainfall runoff scouring process, initial sediment content of surface soil at the Sunjiawan gangue pile attenuate with time, and tend to stability. The law between erosion-resisting coefficient and time obeys quadratic time polynomial equation. Soil nutrient component lose with rain runoff washing surface weathering tiny particles, which is not good to vegetation growing. The characteristics of soil erosion at the Sunjiawan gangue pile as follows: sudden, aggregation, higher content of coarse gravel in loss soil, unbalanced process, and surface soil loses severely, diversity and potentiality harm, and so on. Through measuring representative erosion gully on the spot, and analysising it, there is obvious cubic polynomial equation relation between upstream slope length and gully width. To abtain the law