傅山及其诗歌分析-中国古典文献学专业论文.docx

山东师范大学硕士学位论文 山东师范大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要 傅山（1607-1684），明末清初之际山西著名的遗民诗人。著有《霜红龛集》 等。本文分四个章节，分别讲述傅山传奇人生经历，介绍其独特的诗学思想，探 析其诗歌思想内容以及诗歌创作的艺术特色。 傅山出身官宦书香之家，年少时便受到良好的教育，后就学于山西提 学袁继咸，受其重文章、气节的教育颇深。明亡后傅山出家为道，并利用出家人 身份的掩护发动抗清运动，为实现复国大计四处奔走。在痛苦的意识到复明无望 后，傅山归隐乡间，潜心著述，凛然拒绝清朝征召拉拢，至死不改忠君爱国的气 节。除诗歌外，傅山在书法、医学等方面皆有突出成就。 诗人傅山提出“不喜为诗人，呻吟实由瘼”的诗歌创作观，认为诗歌与文 章一样，要植根于现实土壤，讲究经世致用。他的诗歌创作确实秉承了“缘事而 发”的现实主义创作精神，由事而起，缘情而发，不矫揉造作、无病呻吟，蕴含 着丰富而深刻的历史和现实内容。情感寓于其中，厚积薄发。其次，在诗歌创作 法则方面，傅山主张“纯任天机”，按照感情的走向结构建构诗歌，反对因袭和 拟古；再次，傅山还注重诗歌的“气节”，主张诗品高洁，鄙视诗歌媚热、带奴 气地“昧心做好语”。 傅山的诗歌内容丰富，其中抒发家国之感、故国之思的诗歌数量最多、用 情最切，最能够展现出傅山深厚的情感内蕴。此外，表现抗清激情与隐士风骨、 反映社会现实与民生以及诗歌亲情友情诗也有较高成就。 傅山一生的传奇经历造就了傅山诗歌的情深意真、深厚广博、苍老有力， 他的诗歌作品中呈现出老辣古拙之风。而在隐逸期间，其诗歌越来越展现出超然 物外的风貌。类型多样的傅山诗歌从创作艺术上呈现出擅选取物象、色彩字成对 出现、多寓言诗或托物言志以及善于用典的特征。 关键词：傅山，诗歌，遗民，思想内容，艺术特色 分类号：I207.22 I Abstract Fu Shan( 1607-1684), experienced Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. He wrote the renowned work—the pamphlet of Shuang hong kan ji.his article is divided into four parts and independently reviewed Fu Shan’s legendary life experience, his extraordinary poem system, his poetic spirit and the characters of writing poems. Cultivated by his noble family, Fu Shan got well educated during childhood. Then he was taught by Shan Xi’s distinguished scholar—Yuan Jixian and was affected by his articles and his morals. After Ming Dynasty’s destruction, he went into a cloister to became a monk and kept on calling on rebels to fight with Qing Dynasty secretly. He became a true hermit on realizing there was no hope of retrieving Ming Dynasty, and once and for all rejected Qing Dynasty’s invitation. Apart from poems, Fu Shan was also noted in Calligraphy and Medics. Fu Shan put forward the notion that poems and articles should be based on realities and must enlighten the readers of any time. His poems inherited his teachers’ spirits and were all composed in a very pragmatic sense. Never twisted and escaped from reality, his poems conceived true emotions. Secondly, Fu Shan strictly stick to the emotion line instead of c