农耕尧技术与环境院野黄河轴心冶时代政治经济中心之离合.PDFVIP

中国农史（AgriculturalHistoryofChina) 2018.4 农耕尧技术与环境院野黄河轴心冶时代政治经济中心之离合 刘壮壮 （南开大学历史学院，天津300350） 揖摘 要铱黄河流域是中国早期文明形成的重要起源地袁同时也孕育出周秦汉唐的辉煌文明遥 自西周至秦汉袁农耕经 济逐渐在黄河中下游的平原地区基本确立遥随着农耕经济的普遍化袁黄河流域的生态环境也受到不同程度的影响袁水土 流失袁土地沙化袁森林面积减少袁动植物多样性减少袁黄河决口等生态问题相继出现遥 西周至秦汉袁黄河中游地区农耕经 济十分繁荣袁同时也是全国的政治中心遥但随着黄河中游生态容量的下降袁加之生产技术的进步袁牛耕的推广等袁黄河下 游的低湿平原地区逐渐被开发出来袁西汉末年以后越来越成为统治者最为倚重的核心经济区遥到隋初袁黄河流域的政治 经济中心便出现了东西二元分离的情况遥 揖关键词铱黄河流域曰核心农区曰生态退化曰经济重心曰政治中心 揖中图分类号铱S-09；K207 揖文献标识码铱A 揖文章编号铱1000－4459（2018）04－0046－15 Farming, Technology andEnvironment院the Separationonthe CenterofPolitics andEconomy in 野Yellow RiverAxis冶Era LIU Zhuang-zhuang （ Abstract: ItistheYellowRiverbasinthatspringtheearlycivilizationandbreedasplendidChinese culture.DuringtheWesternZhoutoQinDynasty,theagriculturaleconomywasgraduallyestablishedinthe middleandlowerreachesoftheYellowRiver.Atthistime,themiddlereachesoftheYellowRiverisnotonly thenationalpoliticalcenter,butalsothenationaleconomiccenter.However,theprosperityofagriculturale- conomyalsocausedthedestructionofecologicalenvironmentintheYellowRiverbasin.Forexample,soilero- sion,desertificationofland,reductionofforestarea,reductionofplantandanimaldiversity,andtheYellow Riverrunoffandsoon.Duetotheprogressofproductiontechnologyandthepopularizationoftheironplow cattlefarming,thelowlandplainareaoftheYellowRiverhasbeendeveloped,becomingthemostimportant coreeconomiczoneinthecountry.BythebeginningoftheSuiDynasty,theplainareaYellowRiverbecame theeconomiccenterofthecountry,whilethepoliticalcenterofthecountrywasstillinthemiddlereachesof theYellowRiver.Itistheinitialseparationonpoliticsandeconomyofthenaturalgeographyineastandwest. Keywords:YellowRiverbasin；agrarianeconomy；ecologicaldegradation；centreofeconomicgravity； politicalcenter [收稿日期]2018-02-27 [基金项目] 国家社科基金重大项目野多卷本叶中国生态环境史曳冶(13ZD080)曰