梨果实的公梨与母梨.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2013,29(22):216-220 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 梨果实的“公梨”与“母梨”分析 1,2 1 2 何子顺 ，张虎平 ，阿衣木古丽·乌布力 1 2 （石河子大学农学院园艺系，新疆石河子832003；库尔勒市香梨研究中心，新疆库尔勒841000） 摘 要：为了探明梨果实“公梨”“母梨”产生的原因和二者之间的差异，对梨花萼脱落、宿存与“公梨”、“母 梨”进行分析。从品种特性、授粉品种和授粉量、植物生长调节剂、光照、树龄和树势、修剪和负载、花序 序位等方面综述了影响梨花萼脱落的因素；从果形、病虫发生情况、矿质元素和植物激素含量、组织结 构、品质等方面综述了脱萼果与宿萼果之间存在的差异；分析了形成“公梨”与“母梨”品质差异的原因， 并对今后开展“公梨”、“母梨”研究进行展望。 关键词：梨；公梨；母梨；花萼脱落；花萼宿存 中图分类号：S661.2 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2012-4046 Study on ‘Male Pear ’and ‘Female Pear ’of Pear Fruit 1,2 1 2 He Zishun , Zhang Huping , Ayimuguli·Wubuli 1 ( DepartmentofHorticulture,AgriculturalCollegeofShiheziUniversity, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003; 2ResearchCenterofKorlaFragrantPearofKorlaCity, Korla Xinjiang 841000) Abstract: In order to study the reason for ‘male pear ’, ‘female pear ’occurrence, and the differences between ‘male pear ’and ‘female pear ’, the pear calyx shed or persistence and ‘male pear ’, ‘female pear ’were analyzed in this thesis. The author reviewed the effects of pear calyx shed factors, including breed characters, pollination varieties and pollen amount, plant growth regulators, light, tree age and growth, trim and load, ordinal position of inflorescence, and reviewed differences between calyx shed fruit and persistent calyx fruit, including fruit shape, diseases and pests, mineral elements and plant hormone contents, microstructure, quality and other aspects. Reasons for pear fruit quality differ