高分子絮凝剂的制备及水基切削液废液处理-化学工艺专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 摘 要 机械加工行业在生产过程中产生大量的切削液废液，如果直接排放，破坏水资 源的利用价值。迄今为止，我国对其它行业废水的处理，已经有比较成熟的工艺， 但对于高浓度、乳化严重的水基切削液废液的处理，仍未得到很好的解决。其难点 在于水基切削液废液的稳定性越来越高，废液中含有的大量表面活性剂和具有还原 性的无机小分子在絮凝过程中不能被有效地去除。目前，寻求一种适宜于水基切削 液废液处理的高效絮凝剂，是解决切削液废液处理效率低下，废液的CODer值偏高 的关键性问题。 制各了无机高分子絮凝剂聚硅酸铝铁和有机高分子絮凝剂淀粉～丙烯酰胺接枝 共聚物，并将其应用到水基切削液废液处理当中。切削液废液的处理过程包括凝聚 脱稳及吸附絮凝，其中破乳是决定絮凝效果的关键性步骤，因此选用高效的破乳剂 至关重要。聚硅酸铝铁是一种既具有较强的电中和能力，又具有优异的絮凝性能的 无机絮凝剂．通过实验确定了其最佳的制备工艺。试验制备了淀粉一丙烯酰胺接枝 共聚物，讨论了制备条件对其接枝率和单体转化率的影响，确定了最佳的制备工 艺，并将其与聚硅酸铝铁复合应用到水基切削液废液的处理当中。通过实验确定了 药剂的最佳投药量、最佳pH值条件等操作参数，并对其工艺流程作了探讨。 实验结果表明，选用聚硅酸铝铁和有机高分子絮凝剂复合处理化学合成液废液 时，当CODer为23560mg／L，经絮凝处理后，CODer为1865．3m∥L，去除率达到 92．08％，出水可以回用。复合应用处理乳化液废液时，当CODer为21892mg／L，经 絮凝处理后，CODer为1284．5mg／L，去除率达到94．13％。经活性炭吸附后CODer 为134．6mg／L，达到国家二级排放标准。 图[14】表【1】参[40] 关键词：水基切削液废液：聚硅酸铝铁：淀粉一丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物：CODcr去除 率：絮凝荆 分类号：X703  河北理工大学硕士学位论文 Abstract Wastewater of water based cutting fluid discharged from mechanical processing may result in high quantity of organic chemicals in naturally water,which is harmful to the survival environment of the aquatic animal and plants，and reduces the value of the aquatic resource，if untreated．So far，many researches on the other type of wastewater have been carried out，but the treatment of high concentration and emulsified wastewater has not been solved well．The difficulty iS that water based cutting fluid is more and more stable．And a Iot of reductive inorganic compound and surfactant Can’t be eliminated efficiently in the course of flocculation．Now seeking a kind of new and efficient flocculants which applied into disposing of water based cutting fluid is the key to solve the problem of hiIgh level of the CODcr of wastewater． In this paper，PSAF and starch graft copolymer with acrylamide were prepared，and application of treatment of water based cutting fluid wastewater was discharged．The study results showed that flocculation iS the key to treat with emulsion wastewater．PSAF has the abilities ofneutralizing electric charge and excellent flocculation The optimum conditio