厦门市城乡老年人养老意愿及其影响因素分析.docVIP

厦门市城乡老年人养老意愿及其影响因 素分析 黄晓玲陈炜翁陈子恒滕伯刚韩耀风方亚 厦门大学公共卫生学院 A的研宄城乡老年人养老意愿的影响因素，为优化配置养老资源和提高老年人 生活质量提供依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法对厦门市60岁以上常住老年人进 行问卷调查，采用多分类logistic回归分析城乡老年人养老意愿影响因素。结 果有效调查问卷城区652份、农村622份。城、乡老年人选择家庭养老、社区 居家养老、机构养老和暂未考虑比例分别为67. 5%、18. 6%、12. 7%、1. 2%和71. 1%、 23. 1%、4.7%、1.1%,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),且城乡老年人在文化程度、 患慢性病、子女是否提供养老费、退休金以及距最近医疗单位的距离等方而分布 差异也有统计学意义(P0.05)。以家庭养老为参照，城乡，年龄大于80岁者 更倾向于机构养老(城、乡的OR (95%CI)分别为3. 84 (1.845?7. 99)和3. 64 (1.07?12.47)),距最近医疗单位较远者倾向于社区居家养老(城、乡的0R (95%CI)分别为 1.73 (1.04?2. 86)和 2. 12 (1.31 ?3.42))。但城区老年人 文化程度较高、退休金较多和子女有提供养老费荠更愿意选择非家庭养老，而农 村在婚老年人倾向于选择机构养老。结论城乡老年人养老意愿均以家庭养老为 主，但农村老年人更倾向于社IX居家养老，城IX老年人更倾向于机构养老，城 乡间的经济、文化差异是造成这种差异的主要原因。建议除强化家庭养老的功能 外，应针对城乡差异合理配置城乡养老资源。 关键词： 城乡;养老意愿;影响因素; 韩耀风， :hanyaofeng@xmu. 基金：国家自然科学基金项目 Analysis on Influential Factors of the Preference for Old-age Support among Elder People in Urban and Rural Areas of Xiamen Huang Xiaoling Chen Wei Weng Chenziheng School of Public Health， Xiamen University; Abstract： Objective To study the influential factors about the preference for old-age support among the urban and rural elder people, and provide theoretical basis for optimum allocation of supporting resources along w ith greater improvement of life quality for the aged. Methods Based on the multi-stage sampling method, a survey w as conducted among senior residents older than 60 years old in Xiamen by means of questionnaire. Chi-square test w as used to compare the differences of basic information betw een the elderly w ho lived in the urban and rural areas w hile multinomial logistic regression played a role in analyzing the factors w hich influenced the old people, s preference for old-age support. Results 1274 valid questionnaires w ere obtained, including 652 from urban and 622 from rural areas. The percentage of elderly people w ho w oulcl like to live w ith family support, community-based support at home, organization support or choice not-considered w ere 67. 5%, 18. 6%, 12. 7% and 1. 2% in urban areas, and as