Bronte勃朗特姐妹简介.docVIP

Bronte勃朗特姐妹简介 Bronte Charlotte Bront? married name , pseudonym born April 21, 1816, Thornton, Yorkshire, England died March 31, 1855, Haworth, Yorkshire , Charlotte Bront?, detail of chalk drawing by George Richmond, 1850; in the National Portrait ? English novelist, noted for Jane Eyre (1847), a strong narrative of a woman in conflict with her natural desires and social condition. The novel gave new truthfulness to Victorian fiction. She later wrote Shirley (1849) and Villette (1853). Her father was Patrick Bront? (1777–1861), an Anglican clergyman. Irish-born, he had changed his name from the more commonplace Brunty. After serving in several parishes, he moved with his wife, Maria Branwell Bront?, and their six small children to Haworth amid the Yorkshire moors in 1820, having been awarded a rectorship there. Soon after, Mrs. Bront? and the two eldest children (Maria and Elizabeth) died, leaving the father to care for the remaining three girls—Charlotte, Emily, and Anne—and a boy, Patrick Branwell. Their upbringing was aided by an aunt, Elizabeth Branwell, who left her native Cornwall and took up residence with the family at Haworth. In 1824 Charlotte and Emily, together with their elder sisters before their deaths, attended Clergy Daughters School at Cowan Bridge, near Kirkby Lonsdale, Lancashire. The fees were low, the food unattractive, and the discipline harsh. Charlotte condemned the school (perhaps exaggeratedly) long years afterward in Jane Eyre, under the thin disguise of Lowood; and the principal, the Rev. William Carus Wilson, has been accepted as the counterpart of Mr. Naomi Brocklehurst in the novel. Charlotte and Emily returned home in June 1825, and for more than five years the Bront? children learned and played there, writing and telling romantic tales for one another and inventing imaginative games played out at home or on the desolate moors. In 1831 Charlotte was sent to Miss Woolers school at Roe Head, near Huddersfield, where she