聚氨酯水滑石纳米复合材料的构建与性能研究-化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

优秀毕业论文 精品参考文献资料 料在聚氨酯基体中的分散情况，并对复合材料宏观性能进行了深入分 料在聚氨酯基体中的分散情况，并对复合材料宏观性能进行了深入分 析。结果表明，当改性锌铝水滑石的含量为1．5％时，复合材料的机 械性能和热稳定性显著增强。 为了提高纳米水滑石与聚氨酯基体的界面相容性，本研究进一步 通过胶体磨法制备水滑石前躯体，利用水滑石层间离子易交换的特 点，合成了十二烷基磺酸根(DS)柱撑、3一氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APS) 表面修饰的有机化纳米镁铝水滑石填料，并制备了一系列具有不同含 量水滑石的甲苯．2，4一二异氰酸酯(TDI)型聚氨酯镁铝水滑石复合材 料(PU／APS．DS．LDH)，扫描和透射电镜表明该水滑石与聚氨酯基 体有良好的相容性。材料测试结果显示，当水滑石含量为3％时，复 合材料的综合性能最佳，力学性能大幅度增强(断裂伸长率提高 430％)，50％热分解稳定温度提高21℃，并表现出良好的阻尼特性 和紫外吸收能力；当填料含量进一步增加，由于水滑石纳米颗粒开始 出现团聚现象，复合材料的各项性能略有下降。 关键词：聚氨酯有机修饰水滑石原位聚合纳米复合材料机械性 能动态力学热分析 万方数据 ABsTRACTFABRICATION ABsTRACT FABRICATION AND PROPERTIES OF NANOHYBRIDS OF ORGANO．MODIFIED LAYERED DOUBLE HYDRoXIDES AND POLYURETHANES ABSTRACT In recent years，the polymer-inorganic nanocomposites have attracted considerable interest because these hybrid materials display properties of both organic component(such as flexibility,easy-process and damping ability)and inorganic unit(such as high strength，chemical resistance and heat stability)．In addition，the performance of the nanocomposites can be largely improved with low content of inorganic units． Polyurethanes(PUs)are one of the most commonly used polymers with a wide range of physical and chemical properties since their morphology and molecular weight Can be highly controlled．As a result， they are able to meet the diversified demands of modem technologies such as home supplies，medical materials，military and other fields，which are also known as one of the most promising synthetic polymers in modem word．The incompatibility between soft and hard segment usually leads to the microphase separation due to the difference chemical III 万方数据 万方数据 万方数据 北京化工大学硕士学位论文structure 北京化工大学硕士学位论文 structure in PU matrix．In order to expand their application fields and to get high—performance PU materials，organo-modified layered double hydroxides(LDHs)has been added into the PU to enhance the properties in this work． Firstly,Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl aminomethane(Tris)一modified organic LDHs was synthesized，which was characterized