给水管网管壁生物膜微生物多样性研究市政工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 给水管网系统在整个供水体系中占有重要地位，对水质安全起到了关键作 用。人们越柬越关注给水管道的二次污染问题，并提出了饮用水水质的生物稳定 性概念。控制管道细菌再生长是提高水质生物稳定性的关键所在。给水管网管壁 生物膜中微生物可能因水力条件的变化而脱落到水体，因此，生物膜作为一个微 生物缓慢释放器而存在于管网中。 目前对管道内生物相的研究还较少，本文尝试从生物学角度出发，对给水管 网进行模拟并培养生物膜，对不同时期管肇中形成的生物膜进行研究，分析生物 膜中细菌种类与生长情况，比较不同管材、不同时期生物膜中细菌的多样性。 实验通过扫描电镜直观地观察管道生物膜中细菌的生长情况，对影响细菌总 数的水质指标进行了分析，然后应用API鉴定系统对细菌总数中所选择的菌落进 行鉴定。 从扫描电镜和细菌总数可以看出，模拟管网管壁表面所形成的管垢中有许多 大小不均的孔隙，为细菌的附着生长进而形成生物膜提供了条件，生物膜中附着 了大量的细菌及菌胶团。大量细菌的附着生长为致病菌提供了良好的生长环境， 一旦管道中流速或水压发生急剧变化，管壁生物膜可能脱落，容易引起细菌数量 增多。 实验引入分子生物学技术对给水管壁生物膜细菌多样性进行研究，通过基于 16SrDNA的PCR．DGGE(变性梯度凝胶电泳)图谱分析，对不同钓管壁生物膜样 品中微生物多样性进行了比较。实验证明，通过该方法，可以获得传统培养方法 无法得到的菌株的情况，能够更全面真实地反映饮用水微生态环境的面貌，对自 来水企业保障饮用水的微生物水质安全、保证人民的身体健康是很有帮助的。 关键词：给水管网生物膜扫描电镜API聚合酶链式反应一变性梯度凝胶电泳 AB ABSTRACT The distribution network is an important part in the whole water supply systems， and it plays key role in protecting security of water supply．The recontam ination during distribution network has been receiving considerable attention，and the conception of biosability of drinking water also has been bring forward．To control the bacterial regrowth is a key issue in attempt to increase the biosability of drinking water．Contamination and material in the biofilm may subsequently be released into the flowing water under various circumstances．As a result，biofilms can act as a slow-release mechanism for persistent contamination ofthe water． The study on the biota of distribution system is still few．The model pipeline which was used tO simulate to the distribution system dynamically Tas designed to analyze the bacterial growth．And microbiological methods were used to identify the bacteria which grew in the biofilms in different periods．Then the bacterial species and their growth were analyzed to monitor the bacteria diversity of different pipelines biofilms in different periods． The scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to observe the bacterial growth intuitively in the model pipeline biofilms，and analyzed the water quality target which affected its growth．The Anal