动态环空压力控制系统研究与仿真机械工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 本文根据动态环空压力控制系统的原理和控压钻井工艺的要求，详细分析了动态环 空压力控制系统的原理和所需设备以及其控制流程和原理，井口回压的产生是在常规钻 井井口敞口加装旋转控制头使井口变为封闭式，返回的钻井液流过井控节流阀，由于节 流阀的节流作用，调节节流阀的压降大小，动态环空压力控制系统是通过控制节流阀开 度和钻井液流量来控制井口回压从而来控制井底压力，在复杂的地层有效的控制地层流 体侵入，减少井涌等多种钻井问题的发生概率，适应于孔隙和破裂压力相差不大，钻井 窗口狭窄的地层。 根据钻井过程中的作业流程，通过对比常规钻井，研究了在正常钻进、接单根以及 发生井涌时的压力和设备的控制分析。 DAPC系统的回压节流系统的组成做了分析，并对井口回压控制回路做了介绍，建 立整个节流系统的数学模型，基于MATLAB软件做出系统的伯德图，对系统稳定性和 快速性进行分析。 基于MATLAB／simulink模块根据PID控制和模糊PID控制的原理以及各参数的作 用，建立相关的仿真模型，对控制系统的模型进行单位阶跃条件下的系统仿真，对系统 的PI控制、PID控制以及模糊PID控制进行对比分析。 关键词：动态环空压力控制系统，控制压力，节流阀，井口回压，PID控制，仿真 分析 Study Study and Simulation on Dynamic annular pressure control system Chen Shangzhou(Mechanical Engineering) Directed by Prof．Yu Guijie and Senior engineer Yang Dejing Abstract Based on the DAPC system theory and requirement of controlled pressure drilling technology,analyze the DAPC system theory，the necessary equipment and its control processes and principles in detail．Wellhead back pressure is generated by instaling a rotary control llead(RCH)in conventional drilling to change exposure wellhead into closed．The drilling fluid return from the well flow through the throttle valve，the throttle valve Can adjust pressure drop．DAPC system control the wellhead back pressure by controlling the throttle opening and fluid flow of drilling fluid，and control bottom hole pressure． DAPC system effectively control formation fluid invasion in the complex formation and reduce probability of the other well drilling problems occurrence，adapted to the narrow drilling window formation of less difference between pore and fracture pressure． According to the process of drilling processes and comparing the conventional drilling， study pressure and equipment control analysis when normal drilling，pipe connection and the occurrence of kick． The components of DAPC system back pressure throttling system were analyzed，and wellhead back pressure control loop have been described．According to the the mathematical model of throttle system，make the system Bode plot