核医学物理仪器防护2016(双语).ppt

* ν:nu * Xe:xenon * Euler’s number e=2.71828 is the base of natural logarithms * Half-life is more practical in daily use. * η :eta * * 类比, 空气阻力是车速的三次方 μτ(mobility-lifetime) product * * (Organ imaging in patients requires the intravenous, oral administration, or inhalation of radioactive materials (called radiopharmaceuticals). When administered, these radiopharmaceuticals localize in a specific organ or organ system of the body. Instruments called scintillation cameras can then detect the radiation emitted by the radiopharmaceutical concentrated in the organ and produce an image of the organ on a computer screen or photographic film. These images provide a way of studying the structure and measuring the function of that organ, as well as a way of identifying tumors, areas of infection, or other disorders. Imaging procedures provide information that can assist the physician in diagnosing diseases. The patient experiences little or no discomfort and the radiation dose is small.) * As I mentioned earlier, nuclear medicine images are maps of radiopharmaceutical distribution, which is supposed to demonstrate the functional information of human body. However, in our medical practice, we do need plenty of anatomical information. And we do have anatomical images from other imaging modalities such as CT and MRI. So, for more accurate diagnosis, it is a good idea to bring functional images and anatomical images on the same computer screen to analyze. And computers can do more than that. By using a technology known as multi-modality image fusion, we can not only bring these images on the same screen, but also create functional anatomical images, as we see here. In the functional anatomical images, functional information demonstrates body function to reveal lesions on the cellular level, anatomical information captures the precise lesion localization. It was reported that, by utilizing this technology, 20% of the cancer patients had more accurate diagnosis, staging and