关于建立保护性耕作长效机制的实践与思考.pdf

关于建立保护性耕作长效机制 的实践与思考 THOUGHTS ABOUT ESTABLISHING LONG EFFCTIVE SYSTEM OF CONSERVATION TILLAGE 许继光 XU JIGUANG 山西省农机局 Shanxi Bureau of Agriculture Machinery, China 一、什么是保护性耕作长效机制 A. What is the long effective system of conservation tillage ▪从制度层面来看，保护性耕作长效机制不仅要具 备长久效应的“品格”，而且要催生出一个完全市场 化的机制。 Judging by system level , the long effective system of conservation tillage must not only satisfy nature of long effect but also must nurture a complete marketlized system. ▪从效应层面来看，不仅要在推广周期内表现出机制的长久效 应，而且在推广周期结束之后还能够继续发挥辐射效应。 Judging by effect level , it must not only express long effect but also continue to give full scope to its radical effect after the popularization period ended. ▪ 从操作层面来看，是指实施保护性耕作技术的操作系统内部 各个要素或部分之间长期相互作用并产生深远影响的过程和方 式。 Judging by operation level , it is refer to the process and code in which all elements or parts within the operating system of putting conservation tillage into force can have long-term interaction and produce far-reaching influence . ▪ 技术体系 要管用、适用，适合自己的就是最好的 机具系统 要能充分体现技术的要求，并同技术相互促 进，相辅相成 农户和机手 要借助培训的力量，提高认知、接纳技术 的程度和操作机具的精度 农机部门和服务组织要依靠行政推动、政策调动和优质 服务使各生产要素的内在需求有机地结合起来，形成现实的、 生生不息、健康向上的生产力。 The basic requirement for these elements is that technical setup must be effective and suitable ；machine and tool system must satisfy technical requirement , and be interdependent and supplementary to the technology; farmers, and tractor drivers must deepen the understanding on the new technology and increase the precision of implement operation with the aid of training ; agricultural machinery departments and service organizes integrate inner needs of all production factors organically. ▪ 按照上述要求使这些要素组合起来“相互作用”便能形 成新的生产关系，并相继形成以现代农耕文化为主体的上层建 筑；与此同时，如果这些要素相互作用的“过程和方式”再能够 产生非负面的“深远影响”，就具备了保护性耕作长效机制的基 本特征。 According to the above-mentio