基于DEM的地形分析与实现-控制理论与控制工程专业论文.docxVIP

硕h仑卫 硕h仑卫 堆十DEM的地形分析’I实现 摘要 近年来地理信息系统取得了较大的进展和广泛的应用，但正因为该问题自身 的难度，以及研究的』“度和深度的局限，于是针对某一方面应用的研究成为了重 点。地形分析是其中一个主要的应用方面。本文就这一问题进行了相关的研究与 探讨。 论文从地理信息系统领域研究应用的历史和现状入手，简要介绍了三维地理 信息系统及其构成，研究了相关的背景与理论知识，如矢量化技术、插值技术和 地形分析等等。 论文重点阐述了如何运用计算机图形学、插值技术、可视化编程技术等实现 三维地理信息系统的地形分析(即高程显示、距离计算、面积计算、剖面图绘制 和可视分析等基本内容)，以数字高程模型为依据，设计出了一套地形分折的具 体方案。设计方案中对已有的数字高程模型进行加密内插，使用三角化方法来计 算地表曲面面积，采用参考平面法实现区域通视分析。所有算法均在使用vc、 OpenGL和Oracle丌发的地形建模与综合分析软件中得到了实现。浚软件具有速 度快，界面友好等特点，经过理论分析与实际使用验证，它是一个能满足实际应 用需要的地形分析平台。 关键词： 地理信息系统数字高程模型地形分析三角化町视性分析 顾I：论文 顾I：论文 娃十DEM的地形分析与实现 Abstract In recent years，great progress has been made in the development and application ofGlS．But due to the difficulties，depth and extent ofthe study ofGIS，speciai focus is given to the dedicated study of the applications of certain aspects．Terrain analysis is one ofthem．In this paper,the research on this subject is explored in detail． The paper begins with the history and present condition of research and application of GIS．Then 3D GIS and its structure are introduced briefl5 and the relevant background and theories are studied，such as vectorization，data interpolation and terrain analysis technology,etc． It is discussed in detail how to apply technologies such as computer graphics， interpolation and visual programming to terrain analysis(including elevation display, distance and area calculation，viewshed analysis and charting section plane)in 3D GIS．And a complete set of concrete scheme to realize terrain analysis is designed based on DEM．In this scheme，data interpolation is applied in DEM．Then triangulation is Used for the calculation of a polygon’s surface area，and viewshed analysis is carried out using the method of reference plane．All algorithms are realized in terrain modeling and synthetically analysis software developed with VC，OpenGL and Oracle．This software iS characterized by fast computation．and friendly interface， and as a terrain analysis platform，its theoretically