基于DSP的模糊控制弧焊焊缝跟踪系统的设计-材料加工工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要为了提高C02气体保护焊的自动化水平，本文研制了用于C02气体保护焊 摘要 为了提高C02气体保护焊的自动化水平，本文研制了用于C02气体保护焊 的电弧传感焊缝跟踪系统。通过对电弧传感器理论的研究，结合C02焊接自身 熔滴过渡的特点，采用了对电弧电流信号进行离散积分求差值的方法来判别焊枪 的偏移方向和偏移量，并在理论分析的基础上对电弧传感器的静态和动态物理模 型进行了推导分析。为了满足系统精度和实时性的要求，实现良好的人机接口和 丰富的软件资源，采用了主从式的控制结构。主机(上位机)选用PC机，从机(下 位机)以高性能数字信号处理器DSP为核心芯片，包括了组成DSP最小系统所 需的外围电路、系统外部扩展电路以及执行机构的机械部分——焊接摆动器的设 计。针对短路过渡的C02气体保护焊过程具有非线性、不确定性等特点，采用 了不需要建立精确数学模型的控制策略——模糊控制作为系统的控制方法，为了 弥补常规模糊控制在控制性能上的不足，提出了改进的参数自调整模糊控制，并 利用MATLAB软件的Simulink仿真库对控制算法进行了仿真分析。在仿真结果 的基础上，采用模块化的编程方法，完成了焊缝跟踪系统下位机软件的设计。以 Delphi为开发平台编写了上位机软件，利用串口通信，将下位机的数据传送到上 位机中加以显示和分析。最后，通过一系列焊接实验，验证了用于C02气体保 护焊的参数自调整模糊控制电弧传感焊缝跟踪系统的可行性和实用性。实验结果 表明，本系统在8度偏角内的焊缝跟踪效果良好。 关键词C02气体保护焊 电弧传感模糊控制 焊接摆动器DSP AbstractIn Abstract In order to improve the level of automatic welding in C02 shielded welding，the tracking system of welding Sealrl based on arc sensor for C02 shielded welding is developed in this paper．Through researching the theory of arc sensor combining wi也 characteristics of C02 shielded welding，a method of calculating the difference of discrete integral for arc current is adopted to judge the direction of deviation and offset between welding line and welding torch．The static and dynamic physical models of arc sensor are also deduced and analyzed．To meet the precision and real—time performance together with achieving good man-machine interface，a master-slave control structure is adopted in this paper．The personal computer(PC)is chosen aS host computer and the digital signal processor国SP)is chosen aS the core chip of slave cxmtroller．The slave controller also includes the necessary peripheral circuit，extension circuit and the actuating mechanism welding oscillator．The process of short circuit transition in C02 shielded welding is non—linear and non-determinacy,SO a method of fuzzy control that needn’t accurate mathematic model is used in this paper．Meanwhile，to cover the shortage of general fuzzy controller,a kind of parameters self-adjusting fuzzy controller is put forward and relative simulat