减数分裂重组对DNA序列和染色质结构的依赖性-遗传学专业论文.docxVIP

内蒙 内蒙古科技大学硕士学位论文 Abstract Meiotic recombination is a kind of recombination. It is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes, which occurs during the meiosis of eukaryotic cells. Meiotic recombination does not occur evenly across the genome, but instead occurs at relatively high frequencies in some genomic regions (hotspots) and relatively low frequencies in others (coldspots). About 80% of a eukaryotic genome appears to be covered by nucleosomes. The pattern of nucleosome positioning and dynamics of nucleosomes have a direct influence on the contact between protein and DNA, and thus the nucleosomes play an important role in DNA replication, transcription and recombination. Hence, recombination depends not only on DNA sequence features, but also on chromatin structure. Identification and characterization of hotspots and coldspots are considerably significant as the information about hot/cold spots would shed light on the mechanism of recombination and genome evolution. Determination of high-resolution recombination rates using genetic experiments is time-consuming and expensive. Thus, it is necessary to develop computational methods to predict recombination rates or recombination hotspots in the genome. This thesis includes the following aspects： We analyzed the correlation between recombination and nucleosome occupancy, and made a couple of predictions for recombination hotspots by IDQD approach based on the tetranucleotide frequencies and nucleosome occupancy. We found that genome-wide recombination rate shows an increasing tendency with the increasing of nucleosome occupancy in yeast (R=0.151, P0.001), and correlations between recombination rate and nucleosome occupancy on coding sequences and intergenic sequences are also significant. That means recombination occurs more easily in the regions with high nucleosome occupancy. The prediction accuracy for hotspots based on DNA sequence alone is 80%. The prediction accuracy increased to 81.6%