中医基础理论之病因篇ppt课件.pptVIP

情志异常的病因 外因主要是指社会因素、个人处境及自然环境对机体的影响。 七情病变的内因是个体素质。个体素质主要决定于先天禀赋，后天营养、性格陶冶、文化修养、个人经历等多方面的因素。。当突发性的强烈刺激或长期持久的精神负担超过了机体对情志调节的灵敏阈时，就产生了七情病变，灵敏阈的高低标志着个体体质的差异性。 Pathogenic characteristics of internal injury due to seven emotions 1. Seven emotions arising from the heart 2. Impairing the viscera 以心、肝、脾三脏为多见 3. Affecting the visceral qi movement rage leading to qi ascending, excessive joy leading to qi loose, excessive sorrow leading to qi consumption, fear leading to qi sinking, fright leading to qi turbulence, pensiveness leading to qi knotting 怒则气上、喜则气缓、悲则气消、恐则气下、惊则气乱、思则气结 4. Tending to cause emotional diseases 5. Affecting the sequelae of diseases 第三节 疠气、劳逸、饮食、外伤、寄生虫 pestilential qi, work and rest, diet, trauma, parasite 疠气的概念 pestilential qi is an exogenous pathogenic factor which is strongly infective. It is variously called epidemic toxin, epidemic qi, special pathogenic factor, pestilential qi or poisonous qi etc. syndromes produced by pestilential qi are called pestilences, which include many highly contagious diseases in modern medicine. 疠气是一类具有强烈传染性的外邪。又称“疫气”、“疫毒”、“戾气”、“乖戾之气”等。疠气引起的疾病称为“疫病”、“瘟病”、“瘟疫病”。实际上包括了现代许多传染病和烈性传染病。 Pathogenic characteristics 1.Strong infectivity and epidemic 2.Acute onset and severe condition 3.Diseases vary with pestilential qi but symptoms are similar Factors affecting the formation and epidemic of pestilential qi 1.Abnormal climates 2.Environmental and food pollution 3. Lack of strict preventative measures 4.Social conditions 劳逸失当 Imbalance between work and rest 过劳 overstrain 饮食失宜 Irregularity of diet 饥饱失常 improper diet 过逸 Indulgence in easy life 房劳过度 sexual overstrain 劳神过度 mental overstrain 劳力过度 overexertion 饮食偏嗜 diet predilection 饮食不洁 unhygienic diet 外 伤 traumatic injuries 枪弹、金刃伤、跌打损伤、持重努伤 烧烫伤、冻伤（全身、局部） 化学伤、溺水、雷击伤、虫兽伤 寄生虫 parasites 蛔虫、钩虫、蛲虫、绦虫、 疟原虫、血吸虫等。 中医称寄生虫病为“虫积”。 ? 第四节 痰饮 Phlegm-fluid retention 痰饮的基本概念 痰饮是机体水液代谢障碍所形成的病理变化及其病理性产物。稠浊者为痰，清稀者为饮。痰饮作为一种新的致病因素作用于机体，导致新的病变，则为继发病因。 Phlegm-fluid retent