基于超声波的家用水流量计的设计与开发-测试计量技术及仪器专业论文.docxVIP

基于超声波的家用水流量计的设计与开发 基于超声波的家用水流量计的设计与开发 摘要 目前，我国家庭用水的计量多采用机械旋翼式水表，这种水表存在漏损率 高、磨损快而且精度低等缺点。为了适应节约用水的要求，本文设计了一种基 于超声波技术的适合家用的水流量计。要求设计的水流量计精度高于机械式水 表，同时具有操作简单，低成本等特点。 本文采用时差法测量水流量，选用中心频率为1MHz的收发两用的压电陶 瓷超声波换能器作为流量测量传感器，并且对超声换能器的声道布置方式进行 了设计。为了能够获得良好的超声信号，设计了超声换能器驱动模块以及采用 过零检测和软件屏蔽窗口为核心的信号处理模块。使用高精度时间转换芯片设 计计时模块电路，确保超声波信号渡越时间的准确计时。软件系统的设计主要 是实现数据的处理和显示以及参数的设定和修改，进一步完善了整个系统的设 计。实验表明，本次设计的超声波流量计基本误差达到士1％，仪表精度等级高 于机械式水表，符合设计的要求。 关键词：家用仪表；水流量计； 超声换能器； 时差法； MSP430F417 Design Design and Development of Household Water Flowmeter Based on Ultrasonic Technology Abstract At present，most household water flowmeters in our country iS Mechanical rotor-type，but this type of water meters have high leakage ratio，fast wearing，and low precision．In order to meet the goal of saving water，a sort of flowmeter for the household water measurement based on the ultrasonic technology is designed．The water meter should have higher accuracy than mechanical ones，and have simpler operation and lower cost． In this paper，the transit—time-difference method is adopted to measure the water flux．The emitter-receiver dual-use piezo-ceramics ultrasonic transducer is selected as the flow measurement sensor with the central frequency of 1 MHz and the ultrasonic transducer channel layout is designed．In order to get good ultrasonic signals，the ultrasonic transducer driver module and the signal processing module are designed，which uses the zero·crossing detection method and the software shielding window as the core．The time-counting modular circuit，whose function is to measure the transit·-time accurately,is designed with a time··converting chip with high precision．As for the software part，the main work is data processing and display of the results as well as setting and modification of relevant parameters． Finally,many experiments are carried out to test the flowmeter,and the results show that the error of the ultrasonic flowmerer achieves士1％．It iS obvious that the accuracy of the instrument designed in this