欧盟TBT对广州玩具产业的影响及对策研究.pdf

欧盟 TBT 对广州玩具产业的 影响及对策研究 内容摘要 随着对外贸易的发展，技术性贸易壁垒对我国出口贸易造成威 胁。我国加入 WTO 后，关税壁垒逐渐消失，对外贸易迅猛发展， 2004 年在世界排名上升到第三贸易大国，出口产品在国际市场上的 占有率不断提高，商品结构不断完善，在世界贸易中占有了重要地 位，但是我国出口产品技术含量比较低，面临了较为严重的贸易壁 垒，其中最主要的是国外的 TBT。 我国是世界上最大的玩具生产国和出口国，生产的玩具大部分 都是用于出口，据欧盟统计，欧盟市场上的 80%的玩具来自中国， 欧盟又是实施 TBT 最平常的地区，它对玩具进口所规定的标准也日 趋严格。 本文通过对 TBT 的阐述，以广州玩具产业的发展情况为脉络， 特别分析欧盟对玩具产业规定的一些标准和指令给玩具产业带来的 影响，运用国际贸易方面的有关理论，阐明相关概念，及其发展状 况，提出相关的研究对策。 关键词：玩具、贸易壁垒、标准、对策 I ABSTRACT With the development of the foreign trade, technical barrier to trade （TBT ）posed a threat to exports of China. After entering WTO, tariff barriers gradually disappears and foreign trade is developing fast. In 2004 China ranked to the third largest trading nation in the world. Exporting products is increasing continuously. It has occupied an important position of international market share. However, exports of China are labor- intensive and they are facing more serious barriers, in particularly, TBT of foreign country. China is the largest toy producer and exporter in the word. Most toys are produced for export. According to EU statistics, 80% of the toys in EU market are from China. Meanwhile, the EU is the most common implementation of TBT in the region. It provided more and more strict standards for the import of toys. In this paper, the author elaborates on the technical barriers to trade. Focusing on the development of the toy industry in Guangzhou, the impact of the toy industry which comes from criteria and instruction of toy industry of EU is analyzed. The relevant aspects of international trade theory is summarized and a concept of countermeasures is presented. KEYWORD