江西两市城乡居民高血压危险因素的流行病学研究-公共卫生专业论文.docxVIP

江西两市城乡居民高血压危险因素的流行病学研究 江西两市城乡居民高血压危险因素的流行病学研究 摘要 目的：了解城乡居民高血压的发生率及其分布特征，探讨高血压 发病的影响因素，为制定相应的高血压预防措施提供科学依据。 方法： 采用多阶段随机抽样的方法。抽样分为四阶段：第一阶 段抽样在赣州市章贡区及宜春市上高县随机抽取4个乡／街道；第二 阶段抽样在每个乡／街道系统抽取3个村／居委会；第三阶段抽样在抽 取的村／居委会中随机抽取18户居民；第四阶段抽样在抽取的居民户 中，系统抽取1名18—69岁居民(选取居民户中出生日期与调查Ij 期最接近的18—69岁居民)进行调查。获取样本村／履委会居民户名 单，并从1开始编号。编号顺序参照村／居委会居民户编号顺序。对 所抽得的样本以中国CDC(疾病预防控制中心)推荐的高血压诊断标 准和测量方法进行测量和诊断，并使用中国CDC慢病中心设计的问卷 进行相关因素的调查。 结果：本研究总共调查了835名赣州市章贡区及宜春市上高县常 住居民。检出高血压患者为130人，患病率为15．57％，其中城市人 口420人，患病率16．19％；农村人口为415人，患病率为14．94％。 经多因素Logistic回归分析得出：体重指数大、婚姻状况差、年龄、 蛋类及制品、性别为高血压的危险因素。城市人群与农村人群高血压 危险因素除职业因素外其它未发现有差异。 结论：原发性高血压的主要危险因素有：体重指数大、婚姻状况 差、年龄、蛋类及制品、性别、一年内的医疗费用高。在农村地区职 业对高血压的患病不够成危险因素，城市与农村人群的高血压危险因 素大部分相同。预防应以健康教育和健康促进为主。 关键词；城乡居民高血压流行病学危险因素干预 A A study on risk factors of the prevalence hypertension in the urban and rural residents in two cities of Jiang xi Province ABSTRACT Objective：To study the prevalence hypertension in the urban and rural residents and related factors，and to provide epidemiologic information for taking precautions against hypertension． Methods：The situation of hypertension was studied by using multilevel sampling investigation．And sampling was separated to four stages．At the first stage，we randomly drew out four countries f而m Zhanggong district，Ganzhou city and Shanggao county，Yichuu city．At the second stage，we randomly drew out three villages from those countries．At the third stage，we randomly sampled 1 8 famlies from those villages。At the last stage,we randomly sampled a dweller from 18 to 69 years old whose birthday was close to the date of investigation mostly． Getting the list of names from the neighborhood committee，and numbering these from No．1．according to the serial number of neighborhood committee． Results：There were 1 30 hypertension patients among 835 cases who accepted interview and completed questionnaires，and the prevalence rate was 15．57％．There were 420 urban residents，and the prevalence rate Was 16．19％．There were 415 rural residents，and the prevalence