节能型燃料乙醇浓缩及脱水集成工艺研究-化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要在生物基燃料乙醇生产过程中，浓缩及脱水过程能耗最大。本文围绕乙醇浓 摘要 在生物基燃料乙醇生产过程中，浓缩及脱水过程能耗最大。本文围绕乙醇浓 缩和脱水两个过程展开研究，借助化工模拟软件等工具，对目前各种可应用于这 两个过程的工艺方法进行比较、评价，在此基础上提出了节能型集成工艺流程。 通过对乙醇浓缩过程的精馏及双效精馏、水蒸汽气提、惰性气体气提、萃取、 一 疏水性分子筛吸附和渗透蒸发工艺进行比较后发现，传统精馏方法在这一过程具 ， 有不可逾越的优势。而其它方法则存在能耗偏高、过程复杂、操作不稳定、设备 投资成本高等问题。 通过对乙醇脱水过程的亲水性分子筛吸附、共沸精馏、萃取精馏、渗透蒸发 和蒸汽渗透工艺进行比较后发现，亲水性分子筛吸附工艺技术最为成熟，已经实 现大规模工业化，但存在再生能耗高、操作复杂等缺陷；共沸精馏和萃取精馏能 耗过高且需引入第三组分，已很少被采用；基于膜分离技术的渗透蒸发和蒸汽渗 透工艺最具节能优势，且设备简单易于操作，但膜组件的成本稍高。 本文通过将各种乙醇浓缩及脱水方法优化组合，提出了A、B、C三种集成 工艺流程，并以传统精馏一分子筛吸附(D型)集成工艺为基准，对上述四种集 成工艺进行评价。结果表明，精馏一蒸汽渗透集成工艺节能效果显著，应用优势 明显，有望成为传统乙醇浓缩及脱水工艺的替代工艺。 关键词： 燃料乙醇分离工艺集成工艺节能 ABSTRACTIn ABSTRACT In the bio-based fuel ethanol production process，the recovery and dehydration consume the largest energy．This paper focuses on the recovery and dehydration of bioethanol,and all the technology options are compared and evaluated by means of chemical process simulation software tools．Then several energy-saving hybrid technologies arc devebped on that basis． After comparing the recovery technology options including distillation or k double—effect distillation，steam striping，inert gas St]邱啦，extraction,hydrophobic zeolite and result shows that the traditional distillation adsorption pervaporation,the method has insurmountable advantage in this process，while others have one or more shortcomings below：high energy consumption，process complexity,operational instability problems，high cost ofequipment investment，etc． After comparing the dehydration technology options including hydrophilic molecular sieve adsorption, azeotropic distillation, extractive distillation, pervaporation and vapor permeation,the result shows that hydrophflic molecular sieve adsorption is the most mature technology,and large-scale industrialization has been achieved．But there arc defects including high regeneration energy consumption, operational complexity,etc．The energy consumption of azeotropic distillation and extractive distillation is huge and both of them need a