静重式扭矩标准装置的研制-仪器仪表工程专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要 扭矩计量是工业产品的开发研究、测试分析、质量检测、定型鉴定和节能、 安全或优化控制等工作的内容之一，而扭矩标准装置起到了量值传递和量值溯源 的作用，是扭矩计量检定工作的依据。经过几十年的发展，静重式扭矩标准机无 论是支撑方式、连接方式、电器控制等多方面都发生了明显的改变。 论文通过建立静重式扭矩标准机的数学模型，分析影响静重式扭矩标准机准 确度等级的因素，结合近年来新技术、新方法、新材料、新工艺等手段，寻找切 实可行的减少静重式扭矩标准机误差的方法。 在横梁支撑方面，采用目前国际上先进的气浮轴承取代原有的刀口-刀承支 撑方式，减小静摩擦对标准机准确度等级的影响；采用等强度设计理念，重新设 计加工标准机横梁，并采用受温度影响较小的殷钢取代原有的 45#钢，极大减小 了横梁受温度变化的影响；采用随遇平衡状态取代原有的过稳定平衡状态，极大 提高了装置的稳定性和可靠性；采用挠性联轴器取代原有的轴、键连接方式，极 大减小了连接因素对测量结果的影响，提高了测量系统的同轴度；采用 PC 机实 现手动模式、非标准模式、标准模式三种控制模式。 通过以上改进措施，采用分部件不确定度评定和高准确度传感器比对的方法， 验证改进后的静重式扭矩标准机准确度等级由原有的 0.1 级提升到改造后的 0.03 级。 关键词：扭矩；标准机；气浮轴承；挠性联轴器；殷钢 ABSTRACT Torque measurement is a content of industrial product development research, test and analysis, quality detection, shape identification and energy saving, safety and optimization controlling, and the Torque standard device plays a quantity value transfer and traceability for the role, is the torque measuring verification based on. After decades of development, deadweight torque standard machine either support, connection mode, electrical control and other aspects have obviously changed, the degree of accuracy and gradually improve. Paper through the creation of deadweight torque standard machine model, analysis of the impact of deadweight torque standard machine accuracy are the main factors, in combination with the new technology, new methods, new materials, new technology and other means, to find the feasible way to improve the accuracy of torque standard machine method. The beam support, using the current international advanced air bearing to replace the original knife - knife bearing support, reducing the static friction on a standard machine accuracy; the equal strength design concept, to design and processing of standard machine beams, and the temperature has little effect on the invar replacing the original 45 # steel, greatly reduced beam influenced by the temperature change; the neutral equilibrium state to replace the original stable equilibrium state, greatly improving the stab