两种植物提取物对害虫杀虫效果的研究.docxVIP

两种植物提取物对害虫杀虫效果的研究 摘要：用6 0 %乙醇采用破碎提取法获得苦楝叶、果皮、 果肉和夹竹桃叶提取液，用煎煮法获得苦楝根皮提取液；将 提取液浓缩成浸膏，并配制成不同浓度对淡色库蚊和棉铃虫 幼虫进行生物测试。结果表明各提取液对两种害虫均具有一 定的毒杀作用。淡色库蚊的死亡率随处理时间的延长而不断 增加，4 8 h后趋于稳定，苦楝果肉和果皮提取物的毒杀 活性最高，L C 5 0分别为0. 2 8 1 0 m g / mL和 0.2 7 8 0 mg /mL ；苦楝根皮提取物对棉铃虫的毒 杀和拒食作用最明显，其L C 5 0为0. 187 7 mg / m L o 关键词：苦楝；夹竹桃；淡色库蚊；棉铃虫；杀虫活 性 中图分类号：S 4 8 2 . 1文献标识码：A文章编号: 0439 - 8 11401-0092-03 Insect icidal Act i v i t y o f Two Types o f Plants t o H a r m f u 1 I n s e c t X I A F a n , C H E N C h e n g , K E Q u n , FANG Yuan — p i ng, W U Zhong — hua Abstract： Using the d e n s i t y o f 6 0 % e t h y 1 alcohol t o g e t the extracting o f the 1 e a f , fruit peel, pulp o f Melia azeda rach, the leaf of N e r i u m indicumMill, and obtained the ext r a c t i n g b y d e c o c t t h e root skin o f Melia a z e d a r a ch, and then concentrated and prepared d i f f e r e n t densities o f them. The i n s e c t i c i d a 1 acti vity o f the p 1 a n t was t e s t e d i n the labor a t o r y ? Two pesticides were use d to b e positive control. T h e ext r a c t o f the two had insecticidal activity to pests on certain level, the dose — ef fee t of the mortal it y rate o f C a 1 e x p i p i e n s pall e n s were i n c r e a s i n g by time increasing, a n d s t a b i 1 i z e dafter 4 8 h. T h n d s t a b i 1 i z e d after 4 8 h. T h e peel and thepulp of Melia e peel and the pulp of Melia azedarach had the highest c ytoto x i c a c t i v i t y , L C 5 0 were 0 ? 2 8 1 0 m g / m L and 0 . 2 7 8 0 m g / m L respectively, t h e root s k ■ 1 n 0 f N e r i u m i n d i c u m M i 1 1 was m o s t 0 b V i o u s to He 1 i o t h i s a r m i g e r a H u b n e r , L C L. 5 0 wa s 0 ? 1 8 7 7 m g / m Key word Is： M e 1 ■ 1 a a z e d .a r a c h ； N e r i u m i n d i c u m M ? 1 1 1 ? C a 1 e x p i p i e n s p alien s ■ H e 1 i 0 t h ■ 1 s a r m i g e r a H u b n e r ? ■ 1 n s e c t ■ 1 c c t i v i t y i d a 1 a 植物源农药与传统的化学农药相比具有环保、长效、 无残留等优点，是发展有机农业、促进农业可持续发展的理 想农药，其研究和开发近年来已成为国内外农药研究的一个 重要领域。《中国土农药志》中共记述植物农药