中国食品安全管理规制的现状和改革思路.pdf

◊International Symposium “Food Safety: Consumer, Trade, and Regulation Issues” ◊ The Situation and Reform Plan about the Food Safety Legislation and Regulations in China 中国食品安全管理规制的 现状和改革思路 Xiaofeng Zhao Northwest Sci-Tec University of Agriculture and Forestry 中国▪西北农林科技大学 Background: Current situations of food consumption in China Food consumption level with its quantity is improving 食品消费水平和质量不断提高 Increasing demand for safe, nutritious, and tasty food 消费者对“安全、营养和美味”食品的需求日益增加 Informational chains of food safety were broken，Many foodpoisioning accidents occurred annually 食品质量安全的信息链割裂，食品中毒事件频发  Food quality grades are uneven, high quality products cannot guarante good prices 食品质量等级参差不齐，难以保证优质优价 Changes of Engel Coefficient in China(%) 80 70 Urban Areas Rural Areas 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1978 1990 1995 2001 Data of heavy foodpoisioning accidents in China(1998-first half of 2003) 100000 10000 1000 100 10 1 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003.1-6 cases people involved death Background: Main origins of unsafe food  Pollution comes from farming 种养业的源头污染  Industrial pollution deteriorated agricultural environment 工业污染对生态环境的破坏  Illegal food production and trade 非法食品生产和贸易  Some restaurants and other catering business have no necessary sanitations 餐饮业卫生条件不合格  Consumers lack common scene of food consumption 部分消费者缺乏食品消费的常识 Causes of foodpoisioning accidents 34% 45% 21% microorganic contaminant