初中英语人教版八年级下册语法聚焦.docVIP

语法聚焦 过去进行时 一、构成及用法 过去进行时由“was / were +动词-ing”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有：at eight / nine ... yesterday morning, at the time of ..., from eight to ten yesterday morning等。如： Linda and Lisa were playing chess at seven yesterday evening. Sue was playing the piano from four to five this afternoon. 二、各种句式 ◆肯定式是was / were + 动词-ing。如： We were eating dinner at that time. ◆否定式是在was / were后面加not，常缩写为wasn’t或weren’t。如： David wasn’t watching TV at eight last night. ◆疑问式是将was / were提到主语前，其肯定回答为：Yes, 主语(人称代词)+ was / were；否定回答为：No, 主语(人称代词)+ wasn’t / weren’t。如： —Were you feeding your dog at the time of the rainstorm? —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 三、while和when引导的从句 过去进行时还可用于含when或while引导的时间状语从句的复合句中。请观察本单元中的几个例句，然后补全结论部分。 【观察】 1. He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. 2. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. 3. While you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me. 4. While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. 【结论】 1. 若when引导的从句中的动作已结束，主句的动作正在进行，则从句用____________，主句用过去进行时，如例句1。 2. 若when / while从句的动作正在进行，主句的动作发生了，则从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时，如例句2与例句3。when / while引导的从句都可表示过去正在进行的动作，但是要注意when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是瞬间动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。 3. ____________引导的状语从句还可表示从句的动作正在进行的同时，主句的动作也在进行之中，如例句4。 【运用】 Ⅰ. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 1. 今天上午十点我妈妈在洗衣服。 My mother _________ _________ clothes at ten this morning. 2. 当他离开时，我正在读书。 I _________ _________ _________ he _________. 3. 我参观博物馆时，我姐姐在打电话。 My sister _________ ________ ________ I _________ _________ the museum. Ⅱ. 根据括号内的要求完成下列各题。 1. We were playing football at five yesterday afternoon.(改为否定句) _________________________________________ 2. Jane was taking a shower at nine last night.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答及否定回答) —_______________________________________ —_______________________________________ ? 答案 三、【结论】1.一般过去时 3. while 【运用】 Ⅰ. 1. was washing 2. was reading when; left 3. was calling while; was visiting Ⅱ. 1. We weren’t playing football at five yesterday after