11-Fungi(生物信息学国外教程版)内容资料.ppt

Duplication of the S. cerevisiae genome To consider the fate of duplicated genes, consider the example of genes involved in vesicle transport. Vesicles carry cargo from one destination to another. Proteins on vesicles (e.g. vesicle-associated membrane protein, VAMP; Snc1p in yeast) bind to proteins on target membranes (e.g. syntaxin in mammalian and other eukaryotic systems, or Sso1p in yeast). In S. cerevisiae, genome duplication appears to be responsible for the presence of two syntaxins (SSO1 and SSO2) and two VAMPs (SNC1 and SNC2). Page 711 Duplication of the S. cerevisiae genome Sso1p Sso2p Snc1p Snc2p Fig. 12.4 Page 469 Search for information on SSO1 (or any yeast gene) at the SGD website The SGD record for SSO1 provides information on function Duplication of the S. cerevisiae genome The SGD website reveals that the SSO1 gene is nonessential (i.e. the null mutant is viable), but the double knockout of SSO1 and SSO1 is lethal. Thus, these paralogs may offer functional redundancy to the organism. Also, these proteins could participate in distinct (but complementary) intracellular trafficking steps. Page 711 The SGD website includes a pairwise chromosome similarity viewer. Kenneth Wolfe offers a website that permits analysis of yeast duplications: http://oscar.gen.tcd.ie/~khwolfe/yeast/ Wolfe website shows yeast duplications (http://oscar.gen.tcd.ie/~khwolfe/yeast/) As an example, note the SSO1 gene on XVI SSO1 (XVI) SSO2 (XVIII) are part of a block Duplication of the S. cerevisiae genome The Génolevures project: -- Sequencing of 13 hemiascomycetes -- Gene order can be compared in 14 fungi -- 70% of the S. cerevisiae genome maps to sister regions with only minimal overlap -- Proposal that the 16 centromeres form 8 pairs Page 712 Duplication of the S. cerevisiae genome The Génolevures project: -- Sequencing of 13 hemiascomycetes -- Gene order can be compared in 14 fungi -- 70% of the S. cerevisiae genome maps to sister regions with only mini