虚拟条件句及练习.docVIP

虚拟条件句 虚拟语气表示主观愿望和假想虚拟的情况，需掌握的内容主要有虚拟条件句中be动词的形式，虚拟语气用在表示要求、建议、命令等名词从句中，谓语动词的结构及虚拟语气用在wish后面的宾语从句中等。 1 表示现在情况的虚拟条件句 虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中表示与现在事实不相符的假设，动词的形式如下： 条件从句的谓语 主句谓语 一般过去时的形式 would(should，could，might) + 动词原形 If I won a million dollars, I’d give it to charities. 如果我赢了100万美元，我要把它捐给慈善机构。 If you didn’t stay up till late every evening, you wouldn’t feel so sleepy in the morning. 如果你不是每晚熬夜，你早上不会这么困。 【提示】 在条件从句中，如果谓语动词是be，一般要用were，特别是在较正式的文体中。 If I were you, I would give him a good lesson. 如果我是你，我会好好教训他一顿。 If she were trying harder, her parents would not be anxious. 如果她再努力写，她的父母就不用那么忧虑了。 【练】 It is a pity she isn’t here. If she ____ here, I would be happier. A was B is C were D will be 2 表示将来情况的虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句用在非真实条件句中表达与将来事实不相符的假设，动词形式如下： 条件从句的谓语 主句谓语 should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形 would(should，could，might) + 动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, what would you do? 假如明天下雨，你怎么办？ If they were to hear you talking, they would think you were a teacher. 如果他们听到你讲话，他们会认为你是一名老师。 【练】 If I ____ him tonight, I ____ ____ with you. A should see; would go B saw; would go C see; should go D saw; will go 3 表示过去情况的虚拟条件句 虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中表达与过去事实不相符的假设，谓语动词形式如下： 条件从句的谓语 主句谓语 had + 过去分词 would(should，could，might) + have + 过去分词 If they had left earlier, they wouldn’t have missed the plane. 如果他们早点动身，他们就不会错过班机了。 If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you. 如果我昨天知道你的电话号码，我就会给你打电话了。 【练】 If he ____ him yesterday, he would have gone to the beach. A has net B was met C had met D meeting 【疑点难点突破】 1 在书面语中，如果条件句的谓语有were，had或should等词，可以将if省略，但要把were，had或should放在句首来表示虚拟语气，在意义上与带有if的条件从句相同。 Were she in charge ( = If she were in charge), she would do things differently. 如果是她负责，她会有另一种做法。 Should I be free tomorrow(= If I should be free tomorrow), I would come. 如果我明天有空，我就会来。 2 wish 后宾语从句 　　a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 　　eg. I wish I had your brains. 　　我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你) 　　b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+done 　　eg:.I wish I had knownthe truth of the matter. 　　我希望我那时就知道这